572 . The American Naturalist. [June, 
Troquois and Herman marine beaches made at the same time as the 
Chippewa. This was probably the climax of the post-glacial warm 
epoch. 
“V. Warren Gulf (falling stage). Gradual northward elevation. 
Irregular uplifts in the north deforming Chippewa and Algonquin 
beaches. 
“ Fifth transition: Nipissing outlet raised to sea level. Upper 
lakes become fresh. 
“VI. Second Lake Algonquin. Outlet eastward over Nipissing 
pass. Probably a small amount of local uplift at outlet in early 
“Visth Transition: Second two-outlet climax. “Marked by the 
Nipissing Beach. Epoch of Erigan Fall closes at a point between 40 
and 80 rods above the cantilever bridge. Second (present) epoch of 
Niagara Falls begins. 
“ VII. Second Niagara lakes’ (present stage). Lake Superior be- 
comesindependent. Great Champlain uplift at the northeast. Forma- 
tion of St. Clair delta begins and continues to the present time.” 
(Am. Journ. Sci., April, 1895.) 
Fossil Insects.—M. Brogniart in a work on fossil insects recently 
published recognizes 62 genera of cockroaches represented by 137 
species, many of which are new, and described for the first time by 
the author. Among other facts made known is the existence of car- 
boniferous insects having three pairs of wings. Certain other species 
keep, in the adult form, a Jarval characteristic, being furnished with 
respiratory plates on the sides of the abdomen, comparable to those of 
the larvæ of modern Neuropters. 
The modern cockroaches lay their eggs, generally, enclosed in an 
egg-bearing capsule ; the Paleo-species, on the contrary, had an ovi- 
positor and laid their eggs one by one as the grasshoppers do. 
The Protolocustides and Paleacridides were jumping Orthopterons 
insects like the grasshoppers and katydids of the present time, but 
their posterior wings were as large as the anterior ones and were not 
folded like a fan. (Bull. Acad. Roy. des Sci. 1895.) 
The Phylogeny of the Whalebone Whales.—At a meeting 
of the American Philosophical Society held May 3d, 1895 Prof. E. D. 
Cope gave an account of the types of Mystacoceti which had been dis- 
covered, and which throw considerable light on the probable phylogeny 
of the suborder. He pointed out that the Zeuglodon pygmeus of 
