286 The American Naturalist. [April, 



over the head, neck and breast, black and glossy black. The 

 under parts, with a broken collar about the neck, are a warm 

 light yellow. Throat a pure white. Whitish lines the under 

 side of the wings and tail. Bill and feet black. The female 

 lacks the vivid coloring of the male, being brownish where he 

 is a jet black, buff or whitish where he is a bright gold. 

 Length 7 inches. 



Very like the above, but of reduced size, is Pachycephala 

 schlegelii, whose total length is under 5.5 inches. The differ- 

 ences lie in the greater width of black band across the breast, 

 in the line of black edging the wings, and the orange rufous 

 on the abdomen. The female resembles the female of Pachy- 

 cephala soror, found also among the Arfak Mountains. This 

 bird is olivebrown above, wings and head darker. The under 

 surface is a bright yellow, omitting the grayish wings and 

 dull thighs. Like her mate, the throat and chin are white. 

 The male P. soror is unmarked by the yellow nuchal collar 

 but is not without the black crescent. A bright yellow covers 

 the breast and abdomen. The head is black, the tail dusky. 

 Total length about 6 inches. 



There are several other species of Pachycephala resident in 

 Papua, almost all bearing a greater or less resemblance to each 

 other. Among these may be mentioned without detailed de- 

 scription, P. hyperythra from Southeastern New Guinea whose 

 under parts are of the warm reddish color that gives it its spe- 

 cific name. 



P. albispecularu, from the Arfak region, is another species — 

 a somewhat larger bird than its kind, gray and dark brown 

 in general coloring with white markings on the wings. 



Still another is P. griseiceps or virescens, with local differ- 

 ences, a bird of the average length, somewhat diversified plu- 

 mage and a mottled head. 



Smaller than the foregoing but with throat and chest cres- 

 cent more distinctly outlined, is P. leucoganter, collected in the 

 Motu country. P. leucostigma, from the northeast, is consider- 

 ably mottled, with much rufous on the under parts, the usual 

 white in this instance somewhat discolored, on the throat, and 

 much streaked on the mantle. 



