432 The American Naturalist. [May, 



Watson Vol. II. p. 31 where a person 80 years old in 1842 relates 

 that he well remembers seeing colonies of Indians of twenty or thirty 

 persons, often coming through the town (Germantown) and sitting 

 down in Logan's woods, others in the present (1842) open field south- 

 east of Griggs' place. They would make their huts and stay a whole 

 year at a time and make and sell baskets, ladles and tolerably good 

 fiddles. He has seen them shoot birds and young squirrels there with 

 their bows and arrows. Their huts were made of four upright sap- 

 lings with crotch limbs at top. The sides and tops were of cedar 

 bushes and branches. In these they lived in the severest winters. 

 Their fire was on the ground and in the middle of the area." 



As the barn structure with its ridge pole would take six upright 

 crotched saplings, this rectangle set up by half civilized indians with 

 only four, was not barn shaped but single sloped like the simplest 

 form of shed. The form described above by Pastorius judging from 

 the tendency of elastic saplings when pulled together at the top to bow 

 outward, would probably have resulted in a round roofed structure of 

 the bee hive pattern if round at the base, or if rectangular, in such a 

 building as De Brys' picture made in 1690 refers to Virginia Indians 

 (Contributions to N. A. ethnology Vol. IV) or Captain John Smith 

 carefully draws over the head of the sitting Powhatan in the upper left 

 hand- corner of his map of Virginia (see Narr. and Critical History of 

 Am., Ill, 166.) But if we believe Wassenaer who distinctly describes 

 the Sioux Tepee we must allow the latter form to the Delawares. 



Too much importance need not be ascribed to the minute realistic 

 outlines of habitations made to stand for Indian villages upon certain 

 old maps drawn on a large scale as for instance in Dumont de Mon- 

 tigny's map of Louisiana (1746), when all Indian villages are marked 

 with tepee like points from the Illinois Biver to New Orleans and from 

 the Mobile to the Misissippi Bivers. On the other hand Du Prats, in a 

 similar map (1758) gives the barn shape. 2 In other maps the struct- 

 ures seem too carefully and designedly drawn to be without archseolo- 

 ical value. As when Father Abrahams Almanac Map 1761 (Narrative 

 and Crit. Hist. V, 497) marks seven Indian towns in the tepee shape 

 near the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela Bivers, and 

 Hennepin in his map (1740; of the Mississippi valley and lakes (Narr. 

 and Crit. Hist. IV 252 and 249) and again in his map of the lake 

 region (1683) clearly shows pointed wigwams about the head waters of 

 tb« Mississippi, as against small rectangular figures for the lower val- 

 ley. Hawkins describes a communal Indian house seen in Florida as 

 2 Narrative and Critical History of America Vol. V. p. 66. 



