1897.] Proceedings of Scientific Societies. 179 
Wednesday, December 20th, at Harvard University, Cambridge, 
General Business; Reading of Papers: G. C. Huber, “ The Structure of 
the Sympathetic Ganglia of Vertebrates, with Demonstration of Prepa- 
rations ;” G. O. Huber, “ Remarks on the Ending of Nerves in Muscle 
Tissue, with Demonstrations ;” W. Mills, “The Functional Develop- 
ment of the Cerebral Cortex in Different Groups of Animals;” R. H. 
Cunningham, “The Restoration of Coordinate Power After Nerve 
Crossing ;” R. H. Chittenden, “ The Proteolytic Action of Papain ;” 
C. F. Hodge,“ Experiments on the Physiological Influence of Alcohol ; ” 
G. T. Kemp, “ The Physiological Action of Nitrous Oxide;” S. J. 
Meltzer, “On Bactericidal Effects of Lymph from the Thoracic Duct” 
(with Dr. Charles Norris). G. W. Fitz, Demonstration of Apparatus : 
1, A spring cylinder chronograph for spark records; 2, A lever system 
to illustrate the action of muscles in relation to joints; 3, A form of 
student’s myograph ; 4, A modification of the location reaction appara- 
tus. C. F. Hodge (for C. C. Stewart), Demonstration of preparations 
of the nerve cell under acute alcoholic poisoning. General Business. 
The American Morphological Society.—Boston, December 
29, 1896.—The following papers were read: Arnold Graf, “On the 
Individuality of the Cell” Maintained the individuality of the cell 
pointing out the existence of organs in it. A. D. Mead, “ On the Cen- 
trosomes of Cheetopterus.” Pointed out the existence of primary and 
secondary centrosomes in the unfertilized egg, the latter arising from 
the reticulum of the cytoplasm. These form the centers of spindles, 
and these spindles divide. History of the egg centrosome during ma- 
turation traced, and at the close of the formation of the second polar 
globule it occupied a position in center of chromosomes. Author was 
not certain of the origin of the male centrosome. F. R. Lillie, “ Ori- 
gin of the Center of the First Cleavage Spindle in Unio complauatus. 
This form is unlike Myzostoma in that it has male and female asters; 
but the centrosome of segmentation, like that of Myzostoma, arises from 
the female. E. B. Wilson, “Centrosome and Middle Piece in the 
Fertilization of the Egg.” In Toxopneustes the centrosome arises 
not from the middle piece, but from a point between this and the 
head of the spermatozoan. H. E. Crampton, Jr., “ Observations on 
the Fertilization in Gasteropods.” Largely a confirmation of a paper 
by Mead. Miss Byrnes, “ Maturation and Fertilization of Limax.” C. 
S. Minot, “A New Microtome; New Laboratory Methods.” Method 
of sharpening microtome knives—exhibited serial sections Qu thick cut 
with the new microtome and with knives sharpened with adamantine by 
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