426 The American Naturalist. [May,. 
completely lost. In the soils, however, there is a larger proportion of cal- 
cium and potassium present than in the ‘ rotted’ lavas. This increase 
is ascribed to the action of plants and animals. 
In an article in the Ponza Islands Schneider" describes the geological, 
relation of the rhyolites, the trachytes, the pitchstones and the tuffs of 
the first two named rocks occurring there. His conclusions are ques- 
tioned by Sabatini.” 
BOTANY.” 
New Species of Fungi from Various Localities.—(Con- 
tinued from p. 343.)—HyroxyLoN vERNICOSUM E. & E. On dead ~ 
wood. Sent from Ohio by Mr. A. P. Morgan as Hypoxylon margin- 
atum (Schw.). 
Stroma flattish-pulvinate, 2-3 x 1 cm. and 3-4 mm. thick, black and 
varnished outside and the uneven surface pitted all over by the papil- 
liform ostiola, surrounded by an annular depression as in H. mar- 
ginatum. Perithecia cylindrical, extending down nearly to the bottom 
of the stroma and about mm. diam. Asci cylindrical, 75-80 x 4v, 
short stipitate, 8-spored. Sporidia oblong-elliptical, 6-7 x 3-34. Dif- 
fers from H. marginatum (Schw.) in its varnished stroma and cylindrical 
perithecia. 
PEzIzA (Humarra) TRACHYDERMA E. & E. On decaying wood 
partly buried in the soil, Valentine, Nebraska, May, 1896 (Rev. J. M. 
Bates, No. 416). 
Sessile, shallow cup-shaped, 2-4 mm. diam., carnose, thinning to the 
acute, spreading margin, wood color when fresti, the furfuraceo-verru- 
cose exterior remaining so when dry, but the hymenium becoming 
nearly liver color. Margin spreadıng when fresh, narrowly involute 
when dry. Asci cylindrical, 200 x 12-14», truncate above. Paraphy- 
ses thickened at the lips. Sporidia uniseriate, oblong-elliptical hyaline, 
smooth, 14-18 x 10-12%. 
Resembles somewhat a diminutive Peziza vesiculosa, but more open 
and shallower. 
PHIALEA ARENICOLA E. & E. On sandy ground near “ Blackbird 
Landing Bridge,” Delaware, June, 1896 (Commons, No. 2784). 
Stipitate, concave, becoming plane or even slightly convex, disk dull 
orange, 2-3 mm. broad, outside lighter, uneven, subpruiose. Stipe 
1 Min. u. Skeie Mitth., XVI, p. 65. 
33 Tb., p. 530. 
» Edited by Prof. C. E. Bessey, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska. 
