664 The American Naturalist. [August, 
- Ortmann‘ is of the same opinion, and referring to my papers, 
he says: “The Galápagos Islands may be considered a classi- 
cal example of the influence of separation for the formation 
of species.” 
Meanwhile Mr. Townsend’s’ paper on the Birds of Cocos 
Island had appeared, the results of which showed to be very 
interesting for the question of the origin of the Galapagos. 
Dendroica aureola Gould, Cocornis Agassizi Townsend, Neso- 
triccus ridgwayi Townsend, and Coccyzus ferrugineus Gould were 
found, the last species having only been known before. Den- 
droica aureola Gould occurs also on the Galápagos, besides it 
has been recorded on Gorgona Island, on the southeast coast 
of Columbia, north of Tumaco; at Esmeralda, Ecuador; and 
Posorja, north of the Island of Puna, in the Gulf of Guayaquil ; 
in western Peru, at Santa Luciaand Tumbez. Cocornis Agassiz 
Townsend is the representative of Cactornis (Gray) of the Gala- 
pagos, and Nesotriccus ridgwayi Townsend very close to Myiar- 
chus magnisostris. Coccyzus ferrugineus Gould is related to species 
of Central America and the West Indies. Cocos Island is placed 
between the Galápagos and the Cordillera de Veragua. The 
1500-fathom line probably embraces Cocos Island and the 
Galapagos from the Island of Coiba. 
We shall now consider the botanical evidence. 
During my visit of the Galapagos (June 10-September 6, 
1891) I collected plants on Albemarle, Indefatigable, James, 
Chatham, Charles, Hood, Gardner, Bindloe, Abingdon, Bar- 
rington, Tower ard Jervis. These have been determined at 
the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University by Mr. B. L. Rob- 
inson and J. M. Greenman ê 
‘Ortmann, Arnold E. Grundzüge der marinen Thieregographie, Jena, 1896, 
p. 29; and “On Separation, and its Bearing on Geology and Zoogeography g 
Amer. Journ. Science, Vol. II, 1896, p. 63-69. ; 
$ Townsend, C. H. Birds from Cocos and Malpelo Islands, with Notes on the 
Petrels obtained at Sea. Bull. Mus. Zool., Harvard College, Vol. xxVII, 
No. 3, Cambridge, July, 1895, p. 121-126. _ 
ê Robinson, B. L., and J. M. Greenman. Contributions from Gray Herbarium 
of Harvard University, New Series, No. IX, I. On the Flora of the Galapagos 
Islands, as shown by the Collections of Dr. G. Baur, Amer. Jour. Science, Vol. 
L, August 1, 1895, p. 135-149. 
