1897.] A Chapter in the History of Science. 837 
On his return from Europe 1 in 1864, he was appointed pro- 
fessor of natural science in Haverford College, an institution 
chiefly supported by Quakers, but retained the. position only 
three years. During this time, in 1865, he married Miss 
Annie, daughter of Mr. Andrew Pim, of Chester County, Pa. 
In and after 1864, too, he enlarged the range of his studies 
and publications and also extended them to ichthyology, mam- 
malogy and paleontology. He had always been interested in 
the philosophical aspects of science and early adopted the con- 
ception of descent with modifications to account for the varia- 
tions of animals and the differentiation into species and higher 
groups, and in 1869 began to give expression to his peculiar 
views. 
On the death of his father" he became heir toa considerable 
fortune. Part of this was invested in mines which for a short 
time gave promise of good returns, but, it is said, the majority 
of the stock was held by others, and owing to the incapacity 
of superintendents and the operations of the controlling stock- 
holders, he losts his interests. While in the enjoyment of his 
fortune he spent large amounts in collections and personally 
conducted or sent out expeditions to various places. One of 
the most important was sent to South America. He filled a 
large house from cellar to topmost story with his collections 
and resided in an adjoining one. 
In 1871 he conducted an expedition to Kansas and espe- 
cially investigated the Cretaceous beds of that State and col- 
lected their fossils. In 1872 and 1873 he became connected 
with the U. S. Geological Survey, and for the fossils visited 
Wyoming in the former year and Colorado in the latter. In 
1874 he joined the survey under the command of Lieut. 
Wheeler, of the Engineers, and explored New Mexico. 
The collections made during these expeditions were large, 
and the unwearied industry and energy, as well as cares, of 
Cope were rewarded with many well-preserved fossils. These 
were described in many communications to the Academy of 
Natural Sciences and the American Philosophical Society, and 
later in large volumes published by the abe government 
u Cope’s father died a 4, 1875. 
