1897.) Psychology. 989 
animal psychology, by Prof. Wesley Mills. Physiological psychology 
was well represented on the program. Prof. H. P. Bowditch discussed 
the rhythmic action of smooth muscles, and Prof. Carl Huber, of 
Michigan, reported experiments on the innervation of motor tissues 
with special reference to nerve endings in the sensory muscle spindles ; 
Prof. F. 8. Lee, of Columbia, read a paper on the ear and lateral line 
in fishes, in which he discussed the bearing of the semi-circular canals 
on the sense of equilibrium; and Prof. W. P. Lombard, of Michigan, 
discussed the effect of frequent excitations on the contractility of mus- 
cle. One session was devoted to the demonstration of physiological and 
psychological apparatus. Prof. Lombard exhibited a new and inex- 
pensive type of chronograph. Prof. Scripture demonstrated the use of 
the Pendulum Chronoscope as a means for measuring small periods of 
time, and exhibited a “tricolor lantern” for illustrating the laws and 
effects of color combination, Prof. C, S. Sherrington performed some 
experiments in visual contrast and upon the flicker phenomenon ; and 
Dr. J. H. Kellog exhibited a new dynamometer, especially adapted for 
clinical use. A combined meeting of the physiological and botanical 
Sections was held for the discussion of the chemistry and structure of 
the cell; Profs. Meldola, J. R. Green, and Macallum contributed papers 
at this session. 
In addition to the foregoing, a number of papers having a distinctly 
psychological bearing were presented in Sections H (Anthropology) 
and D (Zoology). At one session of Section H several papers on 
Indian customs and folk-lore were contributed by Miss Fletcher and 
Messrs. Hill-Tout, R. N. Wilson and Hagar. At another session of 
the same Section reports were presented on the subject of anthropome- 
tric measurements in the schools, and the treatment of dull and slightly 
abnormal children. A paper by Dr. Franz Boas was read, embodying 
a statistical examination of the growth of Toronto school children; 
Prof. Witmer reported the results of some comparative tests—both men- 
tal and physical—between white men, white women and Indian men. 
The Presidental Address of Section H, by Sir. W. Turner, was an ex- 
amination of some of the dist tics of human struct- 
i=! oe 
Th the zoological Section the subject of variation and selection 
received some attention, Prof. C. 5. Minot spoke on the origin of 
vertebrata, and Prof. H. F. Osborn on the origin of mammalia. Prof. 
E. B. Poulton discussed the value of mimicry as evidence of the truth 
of Natural Selection; Mr. W. Garstang, of Plymouth, England, spoke 
on Recapitulation, and Prof. Lloyd Morgan on the natural history of 
