1897,] Psychology. 1061 
material and process of social organization, and (3) the nature of 
social progress. As regards the first question, he finds two distinct in- 
fluences at work in society; the individual is a partieularizing force, 
while the social organization itself tends in the direction of generaliza- 
tion. The matter of society consists, he says, of “ intellectual states, 
such as imaginations, knowledges and informations.” These “ origin- 
ate in the mind of the individuals of the group, as inventions, more or less 
novel conceptions, what we have called ‘ particularizations.’ 
origin there is no reason for calling them social matter, since they are 
`~ 
SELECTION.! 
At their 
SORT. 
MEANS. 
RESULT. 
1, 2. Natural 
lace, Spencer 
Selection )| 
[40]. 
. . (Darwin, Wal- 
II. (Eimer) [40]. 
3. Germinal Selection (Weismann). | 
4. pe a 
: mann, Delage). 
. Functional Belection (Baldwin). 
6. "ongni Eann (Baldwin, Os- 
yd Morgan) [Appen- 
qe Artif ‘Selection (Darwin). 
8. Personal Selection? [40]. 
9. Sexual Selection (Darwin) [40]. 
10. Social Selection 2 [40, 120]. 
11. Social Suppression2 [38 ff.]. 
Imitative Selection2 [40, 121, 
12.) 307). 
OTe: Generalization2 [121, 310 
(Roux, Weis- | 
| 
| i Occ. for Existence (Darwin, 
| 2. Inherent Weakness, without 
Struggle. 
3 Struggle of Germinal Elements. 
4. Struggle of Parts (Roux). 
5. Cee iction of Movements, 
Geert £ 
6. Accom 
piren veen an promt ei 
7. Choice for Plant and for 
Mating Together 
Choice. 
9. Conscious Selection by Courting, 
10. Social yi. etapa a ~ ete groes 
and Groups with 1 Se- 
lection (Malthus, ste es f 
il. Su paa of Socially Unfittest 
w, Custom, ete. ). 
12. Imitative Pro eerie from uan 
to Mind wlth Social Heredity 
t: hog of ore Fittest” Indi- 
ials (Spencer). 
2. Destruction of Unfit Individuals. 
3. Survival of Fittest Germinal Ele- 
ments. 
4, Survival of Fittest Organs. 
5. Survival of Fittest Functions. 
6. Survival of Accommodating In- 
dividuals. 
oe of Desirable Indi- 
8. Emp reba and Survival of So- 
productio agar uve & 
9. ser es e In- 
10. garsia 7 gee — Indi- 
viduals and Grou 
11. Survival of Socially Fit. 
12. Survival of Ideas. 
. 
ed in this wor 
1 I am indebted to Professor Lloyd Morgan fi 
i k. 
i Ss 
They become social only when society— 
particular to the individual. 
that is, the other members of the social group, or some of them—also 
thinks them, knows them, is informed of them. This reduces them, 
from the individual and particular form to a general or social form, 
and it is only in this form that they furnish social material, gah 
what has been called, again, the ‘ generalization ’ effected by society” 
(pp. 487-8). The process of organization is through imitation : the 
individual particularizes in his exercise of imitation; society, by 
ee the come of particular individuals, generalizes them. 
