144 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



that it would be impossible for any animal to force snch a 

 quantity under the skin, as to give rise to a pedunculated 

 tumour. (Since, as I shall presently shew, they also 

 occur in the mesentery, this possibility is entirely nega- 

 tived). In none, though he noticed them all the year 

 round, could he discern any development. 



Sandeman apparently only examined the cysts under 

 a low power, and judging from his description and figures, 

 I thought it very probable that this was another case of 

 a Glugea-hiiection. There is considerable resemblance 

 between his fig. 3 (a section through a tumour of many 

 cysts), and Johnstone's fig. 2 (I.e., above), for example. 

 In order to identify it, Johnstone kindly forwarded me a 

 well-infected flounder from the Fisheries Museum collec- 

 tion in the University of Liverpool, together with a 

 drawing of the head-region, shewn in fig. 1. On sec- 

 tioning the parasites, I soon realised the}^ were very 

 different from what I expected to find them. 



The specimen was taken in the Barrow Channel in 

 January, 1901, Both sides of the head are plentifully 

 covered with opaque white cysts — averaging 1|-1^ mm. 

 in diameter — some spherical, others more ovoid. On the 

 dorsal side, just in front of the fin, are two or three con- 

 tiguous tumour-like masses — not, strictly speaking, 

 tumours, however, for there is, practically speaking, no 

 proliferated tissue, the whole thing being a mass of cysts 

 with, of course, a little vascular connective-tissue between 

 and around them. Solitary ones are also scattered about 

 on the operculum, ventral fin, and tail, and they shew a 

 tendency to aggregate along the lateral line, especialty 

 posteriorly. Under the pectoral fins an Entomostracean 

 ectoparasite (Lepeophtheirus) is fairly abundant, but there 

 is no connection between the two kinds of parasite. 

 The cysts lie beneath the skin (on the upper side 



