562 MR ROBERT KIDSTON ON 



size, at fig. 5, PI. IJ. On fig. 6, and all similar large specimens which permit of the true 

 direction of the-leaf cushions to be determined, and of which I have seen several, the 

 leaf-cushions are invariably directed downwards. 



Fig. 7, PI. II., shows the base of a cone-stalk, natural size, with the funnel-like 

 expansion which fitted into the little rosette on the Halonial branch, and to which refer- 

 ence has already been made. On this little stem the leaf-cushions are clearly directed 

 upwards, and if it were possible to question the direction of growth of this specimen, it 

 is determined by many cones, in my collection, with their stems still attached (similar 

 to that figured by Dr Macfarlane), on which invariably the leaf-cushions are directed 

 upwards. At fig. 3, PI. I., is given a small branch, collected by the late Mr C. W. Peach, 

 about whose direction of growth there can be no doubt, and here it is seen also that the 

 leaf-cushions are directed upwards. This specimen is evidently an ordinary branch, and 

 not a cone-stem. When, then, we find on the young branches that the leaf-cushions are 

 invariably directed upwards, and that on the older stems they are always directed down- 

 wards, one is forced to the conclusion that the leaf-cushions become deflexed as the 

 plant increases in age, and this view is strengthened by occasionally finding specimens 

 on which the leaf-scar seems to be directed outwards. 



Lepidophloios Scoticus is easily distinguished from the other members of the genus, 

 by its smooth rounded elongated leaf-cushions. 



Calciferous Sandstone Series (Lower Carboniferous). 



Scotland : — 



Midlothian. — Raw Camps, East Calder ; Oakbank, Midcalder ; Burdiehouse ; 



Railway Cutting, Slateford ; Hailes Quarry, near Edinburgh ; West Calder ; 



Straiton ; West Hermand ; Water of Leith, Slateford. 

 Linlithgowshire. — Shore, near Long Craig's Pier, Queensferry ; Shore, Dalmeny. 

 Fife. — Kilmundy Limestone Quarry, 1 mile N.W. of Burntisland ; Dodhead 



Quarry, 1 mile N.E. of Burntisland ; Grang Quarry, Burntisland ; Brosyhall 



Limestone Quarry, Burntisland. 

 Berwickshire. — Shore, Cockburnspath.* 



From the evidence now adduced, it seems perfectly established, that the direction of 

 the leaf-cushions cannot be regarded as of generic value, and that Halonia is the fruiting 

 branch of Lepidophloios and not of Lepidodendron ; and, further, that the fruit of 

 Lepidophloios is a cone, and that in the only case where the fruit can be definitely referred 

 to a given species, it is a stalked cone, which, if separated from its parent stem, would be 

 placed in the genus Lepidostrobus. 



* For examination of specimens from some of these localities, I am indebted to Mr Bennie, the late Mi C. "» 

 Peach, and Mr J. Gaol. 





