CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 719 



doubt those of men, one a woman, and one was more doubtful, though most 

 probably a man. 



Each of these skulls was enclosed in an open basket-work frame of split cane. In 

 the greater number two parallel bands of cane were bent antero-posteriorly and mesially 

 around the base of the skull to the occiput, vertex, forehead and face, including the 

 lower jaw. These longitudinal bands were intersected and knotted to a band which 

 passed around the skull in its vertical transverse circumference. A vertical transverse 

 band of cane had been passed below the angles of the lower jaw and was secured to the 

 zygomata. A decorative feature in each orbit consisted of a strip of cane rolled once or 

 twice around the interior of the chamber near the facial orifice ; so as, when seen at a 

 short distance, to simulate an eye. The skulls had been dried with the scalp on, but 

 the hair had been removed. In three specimens the base of the skull had been 

 partially broken away, doubtless to assist in the extraction of the brain, so that the 

 determination of the capacity of these crania was only approximative. The heads had 

 been exposed to smoke, and were more or less blackened. The scalp and the basket- 

 work had to be removed in order to examine the crania and take the measurements ; 

 but the basket-work was subsequently replaced. 



Norma Verticalis. — From this aspect the series of skulls did not present a uniform 

 appearance. The woman's and four men's, D, E, F, G, were elongated and more or 

 less ovoid, with vertical sides and a tendency to a sagittal ridge, from which the skull 

 sloped rapidly downwards and outwards to the parietal eminences ; in E, F, and H the 

 crania had an " ill-filled " character. In the other three male skulls, A, B, C, the breadth 

 was proportionately greater in relation to the length, so that the form was not so 

 elongated an ovoid as in the other specimens ; the vertex also had not the same 

 tendency to be ridged, and the slope outwards to the parietal eminences was not so 

 steep. One skull was pksenozygous, but in the majority the zygomata were concealed 

 in the vertex view ; the condition in G could not be ascertained, owing to the zygomata 

 being broken, but from the wide Stephanie diameter it would probably have been 

 ciyptozygous. 



Norma Lateralis. — In none of the skulls were the glabella and supra-orbital ridges 

 very prominent, and they were best marked in the skull A, which was metopic. The 

 forehead was almost vertical ; the arch of the vault was moderate, and the slope back- 

 wards into the occipital region was as a rule gentle, and in A, B, and C, that is, in 

 the more brachy cephalic crania, the occipital squama projected in all behind the inion ; 

 there was no sign of parieto-occipital flattening. As a rule the skull rested behind on 

 the cerebellar part of the occiput, and in five of the skulls the parietal arc was somewhat 

 longer than the frontal. In all, the occipital arc was less than the frontal, and in only 

 one specimen did it exceed the parietal. The face was flattened in the nasal region, 

 aud the osseous bridge of the nose was slightly concave and not projecting. The nasal 

 bones were relatively narrow, the fronto-nasal suture was not depressed. The nasal 

 spine of the superior maxillae was faint ; a fairly-defined ridge demarcated the incisive 



VOL. XXXIX. PART III. (NO. 28). 5 T 



