CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 729 



Burmese crania from the prison of Insein are those of men. They are mostly in the 

 prime of life, although three present marks of age, and one is said to be only eighteen 

 years old. The other Burmese crania are also of the male sex ; one is an old man, 

 one is said to be twenty-one years of age, the other three are adults. 



Part I. Tables III., IV., V., VI. 



The skulls in this series gave, without doubt, a fair representation of the type met 

 with amongst the male natives of Burma. 



Norma Verticalis. — When arranged side by side on a table and examined from the 

 norma verticalis, this series of skulls from Burma could be arranged in two more or 

 less clearly defined groups. The one, which I shall designate Group A, included skulls, 

 generally of a rounded form, and usually unsymmetrical in the parieto-occipital region, 

 which, both from this character and from the steep vertical direction of the region in 

 some of the specimens, gave evidence of the production of parieto-occipital flattening by 

 artificial pressure applied during infancy. The unsymmetrical flattened surface in some 

 specimens was directed obliquely to the right, in others obliquely to the left. In this 

 group were a large proportion of the crania from the Insein jail, and five skulls not 

 from that prison. All of these crania were brachycephalic, and several of them, as may 

 be seen from the Tables, were hyper-brachycephalic. With three exceptions the vertex 

 was not ridged in the sagittal region, nor did the vault slope rapidly downwards and 

 outwards from the mesial suture to the parietal eminences. The curve of the vault in 

 the vertical transverse direction from one parietal eminence to the other was not steep, 

 and the skulls had generally a well-filled character. 



The other Group, B, consisted of the remainder of the skulls from the jail at Insein. 

 These had a more elongated form than those in Group A when examined from the 

 norma verticalis. They did not show a definite want of symmetry in the parieto- 

 occipital region, which, with one or two exceptions, was not so flattened and steep as in 

 Group A, but sloped more gradually downwards and backwards into the occipital 

 squama. As a rule these skulls did not reach the brachycephalic index, and they were 

 usually longer than those in Group A. Two were dolichocephalic and elongated : one 

 of these, San Min, with a length-breadth index 74, was said to be from the Southern 

 Shan States, though marked Burman in the list sent along with the Insein skulls; the 

 other, San Kun, with an index 74*9, was from the district of Monyo. In ten crania the 

 cephalic index ranged from 75"3 to 79'5. In several the parietal eminences were 

 prominent. Except in five crania there was no definite ridge in the sagittal line, and 

 the slope outwards from it, as well as the curvature of the vault to the parietal 

 eminences, was much the same as in Group A. As a rule the crania were cryptozygous 

 both in A and B, but in some specimens in Group B the zygomatic arches could be 

 distinctly seen from the norma verticalis. 



Norma Lateralis. — In a few of the crania in both Groups A and B the glabella and 

 I supra-orbital ridges were moderately projecting ; in others these ridges were so slight 



