zo 



oiiy£iTHOLog<r. IwT 



Land fowl. 



Water fowl. 



Hook-bill'd 

 birds. 

 Streight- 

 bill'd birds. 



B 



Chap. VIII. 

 Of the Divifion, of Birds. 



Irds in general may be divided into Terrejlrial and Aquatic, or Land and Wa- 

 ter-fowl. 



Terr ef rial are fuchas feldom frequent waters, but for the raoft part feek 

 their food on dry land. 



Aquatic are fiich as are much converfant in or about waters, and for the moft part 

 feek their food in watery places 5 of which we will treat Book. III. 



Terrefirial Birds are either liich as have crooked Beak and Talons, called by the Gre- 

 cians Tccp^cowjgs, or fuch as have more freight Bills and Claws. 



Thofe that have crooked Bills and Claws, called Ttt^mu^s, are either Rapacious 

 and carnivorous, fuch as we call Birds of prey, or more gentle and frugivorous, as 

 Parrots. 



Rapacious and carnivorous are either Diurnal, fuch. as prey by day-light, or Noffur- 

 nal, luch as prey by night. 



Rapacious diurnal Birds are ufiially divided according to their magnitude into the 

 greater and lejfer kind. 



Thegreater kind are either the more generom, which have their Beaks hooked al- 

 moft from the root, and are called Eagles, or the fuggifh and lef generous, having 

 their Beaks {freight for a good fpace from the root, and hooked only toward the 

 point, called Vultures. 



The lejfer kind, called in Latine Accipitres, may be again fubdivided into the more 

 generous, which are ufually reclaimed and trained up for fowling, properly called 

 Hawk*; and the more cowardly or left generous, fuch as are neglected by Falconers, as 

 being of no ufefor fowling 5 and therefore permitted to live at large, which may be 

 called wild Hawks. 



Hawks properly fb called are divided by Falconers into long-winged and fhort- 

 winged. 



Long-winged Hawks are luch the tips of whofe wings when clofed reach almoft to 

 the end of the train : Short-winged are fuch the tips of whole wings when (hut or 

 withdrawn fall rnuchlhort of the end of the train. 



Birds that have more freight bills and claws are either the gratfer or the /^r,which 

 We call fmall birds. Under the title of greater we comprehend all that do exceed or 

 equal the common Thrujh or Mavis in bignefs. Yet to fome kinds of bigger Birds ( as 

 for example Woodpeckers ) by reafon of the agreement of the characteriftic notes we 

 are forced to add one or two Birds letter than Thrujhes. The greater are either fuch as 

 have large, ftrong, freight, and long Bills, or lejfer andforter ones. The firft are ei- 

 ther fuch as feed promifcuoufly upon Fleih, Infecis and fruit (or grain) or at lead: 

 Infects and fruit 5 or ruch as feed upon Infects only. Thole in refped of colour may 

 be divided into two kinds, viz. 1. The Crow-kind, whole body is for the moft part of 

 one colour and black: 2. The Pie-kind, whofe body is covered with party-coloured 

 feathers. Of thefe, [ that feed only on Infects ~] there is but one kind, v. g. Wood- 

 peckers. Such as have defer and fhorter bills may be diftinguifhed by the colour of their 

 flefli, into fuch as have white flefi, andiuch as have black, fiefo- Thofe that have white 

 flejh are the Poultry kind, Hens, Peacocks, Turkeys, &c. Thofe that have black. fl e fi 

 are either the greater, that lay but two Eggs at a time, as Pigeons 3 or the leffer, which 

 lay more than two Eggs at once, as The Thrujh kind. The lejfer fort of Birds with 

 freighter bills, fuchas we ufually call fmall birds, may be divided according to their 

 Bills, into fuch as have fender bills, and fuch as have thick, and fort ^iHs. Of both 

 kinds there be many fubalternate (pedes 3 of which when we come to treat of fmall 

 Birds. 



Chap. 



