THE POLYTRICHACEZ OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA 315 
grooved. Vein scarcely or shortly excurrent, the point smooth. 
Cells in limb between lamellae and margin mostly .o12 by .o16 mm. 
to .o16 by .oz0 mm.; cell walls on back of leaf not thickened. 
Otherwise unknown.—Lake Lindeman, Yukon region of British 
America; Norway; Iceland. 
5. Polytrichum commune L., in Sp. Pl. II, p. 1109, (1753). 
Commune = common. It is quite common in Europe where 
Linnzus found it. 
Plants very tall, 5-45 cm. high, in large loose cushions, deep green 
tomentose at base; male plants shorter, with longer leaves, repeat- 
edly proliferous from the center of the antheridial disk or cup. 
Stems simple, rarely forked, flexuose, wiry. 
Upper leaves very long, squarrose or recurved when moist, erect 
and appressed when dry, with the apex flexuose, rather laxly ar- 
ranged, very long, suddenly narrowed from an oblong sheathing 
base; limb lanceolate, gradually narrowing from its base upward 
to a sharp dentate acumen. Margin densely and sharply serrate 
to the base of the limb, very narrow, of about 1 row of small cells. 
Lamellz about 60, low, thickened at the upper border and chan- 
nelled, 4-6 ceils high; marginal cells broader than the others, de- 
pressed in the center and bicuspidate in section. Cells of leaf- 
base and of margin similar to those of P. attenuatum. Perichetial 
leaves more distinct thanin P. attenuatum, long-sheathing membran- 
eous, without lamella, ending in an arista formed by the excur- 
rent vein. 
Calyptra large, golden-brown, descending below the capsule. 
Capsule at first erect, when ripe reddish-brown and horizontal, 
4-angled, with the two lateral angles usually larger and more prom- 
inent than the upper and lower, slightly flattened, shortly rectangu- 
lar or almost cubic; hypophysis discoid, very distinct, narrowly con- 
stricted above; surtace cells each with a high conical papilla bear- 
ing a small narrowly-elliptical or slit-shaped pore at the apex. Lid 
with short rostellate beak. Pedicel 6 — 10 cm. long, stout.—On soil. 
—Between Cook Inlet and Tanana River, Kodiak Island, and Sitka, 
Alaska; Dawson and Lake Lindeman in Yukon region of British 
America; Washington; Oregon; Eastern United States and British 
America; Europe; Asia; Australia; South America. 
