328 FRYE 
12. Polytrichum piliferum Schreb., in Spic. fl. Lips. p. 74, (1771). 
Polytrichum pilosum Neck., in Meth, M. p. 123, (1771). 
Polytrichum laevipilum Hampe, in Linn. 1859. p, 459. 
Polytrichum piliferum var. hoppei Rab.*in Deutsch. Kryptfl. II, P. 
IIT, p. 238 (1848). 
Name derived from pilus = hair, and ferre = to bear; referring 
to the long hyaline arista at the tip of the leaf. 
Plants in loose tufts, glaucous green, 2.5-4 cm. high. Stems 
erect, simple, rarely forked, naked at base. 
Leaves when dry closely appressed and straight forming a narrow 
ovoid or clavate head, leaf-base longer and narrower than in P. 
sexangulare, limb narrowly lanceolate, apex below arista minutely 
scabrous; leaves of antheridial plants shorter and more shortly 
- aristate. Margins broadly inflexed and almost meeting, entire, 
of very narrow transversely elliptical cells. LLamelle about 30, 4-7 
cells high; marginal cell larger than the others, ovate or flask-shaped, 
not papillose. Vein reddish, at apex suddenly becoming hyaline, 
excurrent as a long denticulate hyaline arista, smooth at back. 
Perichetial leaves longer than the foliage leaves; inner ones thin, 
whitish, without lamellz, longly aristate. 
Calyptra covering the capsule. 
Capsule erect, small, inclined when dry, shortly oblong, with 4 
sharp angles and occasionally a fainter intermediate one; hypophy- 
sis indistinct, short, constricted above where it joins the capsule. 
Lid red or orange, shortly and stoutly beaked. Pedicel 2.5—4 cm. 
long.—On rocks and soil.—Lake Lindeman, Yukon, British America; 
Vancouver Island and eastward in British Columbia to the Rocky 
Mountains; Washington; California; Uinta Mountains, Utah; 
eastern British America; Greenland; Europe; Asia; South America. 
*! The distinctions between P. piliferum and its variety hoppei do not seem to war- 
rant a variety. For example, in Fig. 30, Nos. 1, 2, 5, and 12, from the same plant, are 
variety hoppez in leaf tips, plant form and capsule; but the nodding capsule does not 
agree. Nos. 4, 6, and 13, from another package are variety hoppei in form of capsule 
and possibly in leaf arrangement, but hardly in leaf tips; also disagreeing in that many 
of the capsules in this material not shown are nodding. No. 7 is not variety hoppez 
in form, but the leaves in this plant were very longawned. Thelength of the awn does 
not vary constantly with the form of the capsule nor with the length of the leaf. It is 
believed therefore that variety hoppei is P. piliferum prematurely dried or growing 
under very adverse conditions, and varying sometimes in capsule, som>times in leaf. 
