JOURNAL. 



Terms, Four Dollars a Year. 1 

 Ten Cents a Copy. J 



NEW YORK, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1877. 



I Volume 9— No. 14. 

 (No. Ill Fulton St., N. Y. 



DICKENS IN CAMP. 



Above tue pines the moon was slowly drifting, 



The river sang below ; 

 The dim Sierras fir beyond uplifting, 



Their minarets of snow. 



The roaring camp tire, with rude humor, painted 



The ruddy tints of health 

 On haggard face and form that drooped and fainted 



In the fierce race for wealth ; 



Till one arose, and from his pack's scant treasure 



A hoarded volume drew, 

 And cards were dropped from hands of listless leisure 



To hear the tale anew : 



And then, while round them shadows gathered faster, 



And as the fire- light fell, 

 He read aloud the book wherein the Master 



Had writ of Little Nell. 



Perhaps 'twas boyish fancy— for the reader 



Wai the youngest of them all- 

 Bat, as he read, from clustering pine and cedar 



A silence seemed to fall 



The flrtrees, gathered closer in the shadows, 



Listened in every spray, 

 While the whole camp, with Nell, on English meadows 



Wandered and lost their way. 



And so in mountain solitudes o'ertaken 



As by some spell divine— 

 Their cares dropped from them like the needles shaken 



Front out the gusty pine. 



Lost is that camp, and wasted all its Are 



And he who wrought the spell ! 

 Ah, towing pine and stately Kentish spire, 



Ye have one tale to tell ! 



Lost is that camp ! but let its fragrant story 



Blend with the breath that thrills 

 With hop-vines' incense all the pensive glory 



That tills the Kentish hills. 



And on that grave where English oak, and holly, 



And laurel wreaths entwine, 

 Deem it not all a too presumptuous folly— 



This spray of Western pine. 



—From the Overland Month!}/. 



m 



For Forest and Stream and Bod and Gun. ■ 



RESEABOHES IN NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA. 



UP to the year 1875, rumor had been telling many mar- 

 velous stories of strange and interesting habitations of 

 a forgotten people who once occupied the country about the 

 head- waters of the Rio San Juan; but these narrations were so 

 interwoven with romance that but few people placed much 

 reliance upon them. To those well versed in Archaeology, 

 ruins of an extensive and interesting; character were known to 

 exist throughout New Mexico and Arizona, and the various 

 reports of Abert, Johnson, Sitgreaves, Simpson, "Whipple, 

 Newberry and others form our most interesting chapters in 

 ancient American history; but their researches, aside from the 

 meagre accounts published by Newberry, threw no light on 

 the marvelous cliff dwellings and towns north of the San Juan. 



In 1874 the photographic division of the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey was instructed, in connection with its regular 

 work, to visit and report upon these ruins, and in pursuance 

 of this object made a hasty tour of the region about the Mesa 

 Verde and the Sierra EL Late in southwestern Colorado, the 

 results of which trip, as expressed by Bancroft in the "Native 

 Races of the Pacific Coast," " although made known to the 

 world only through a three or four days exploration by a party 

 of three men, are of the greatest importance." A report was 

 made and published with fourteen illustrations in the Bulletin 

 of the U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Terri- 

 tories, 2d Series No. 1. 



The following year the same region was visited by Mr. W. 

 H. Holmes, one of the geologists of the Hayden Survey, and 

 a careful investigation made of all the ruins. Mr. Jackson, 

 who had made the report the previous year, also revisited 

 this locaUty, but extended his explorations down the San Juan 

 to the moulh of the De Chelly, and thence to the Moqui vil- 

 lages in northeastern Arizona. Returning, the country 

 between the Sirreas Abajo and La Sal, and the La Plata was 

 traversed, and an immense number of very interesting ruins 

 were first brought to the attention of the outside world by the 



report which was published the following winter by Messrs. 

 Ilolmes & Jackson. (Bulletin of the U. S. Geological and 

 Geographical Survey of the Territories, Vol. II. No. 1. 



The occasion of the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia led 

 to the idea of preparing models of these ruins, for the clearer 

 illustration of their peculiarities, four of which were completed 

 in season for the opening of the Exhibition. The first was 

 made by Mr. Holmes, with whom the idea originated, and rep- 

 resents the " Cliff House of the Mancus Canyon," the exterior 

 dimensions of which are twenty-eight iuches in breadth by 

 forty-six inches in height, and the scale 1.24 or two feet to the 

 inch. This is a two-story building, constructed of stone, 

 occupying a narrow ledge in the vertical face of the bluff, 700 

 feet above the valley, and 200 feetfrom the top. It is twenty- 

 four feet in length and fourteen feet in depth, divided into 

 four rooms on the ground floor. The beams supporting the 

 second floor are all destroyed. The doorways — serving also as 

 windows — were quite small, only one small aperture in the 

 outer wall facing the valley. The exposed walls were lightly 

 plastered over with clay, and so closely resembled the general 

 surface of the bluff that it becomes exceedingly difficult to 

 distinguish them at a little distance from their surroundings. 



The second model of this series was constructed by Mr. 

 Jackson, and represents the large " Cave town in the valley of 

 the Rio de Chelly," near its junction with the San Juan. This 

 town is located upon a narrow beach occuring about eighty 

 feet above the base of a perpendicular bluff some 300 feet in 

 height. It is-545 feet in length, about forty feet at its greatest 

 depth, and shows about seventy-five apartments on its ground 

 plan. The left hand third of the town, as we face it, is over- 

 hung some distance by the bluff, protecting the buildings be- 

 neath much more perfectly than the others. This is the portion 

 represented by the model. A three-story tower forms the cen- 

 tral feature ; upon either side are rows of lesser buildings, built 

 one above another upon the sloping floor of rock. Nearly all 

 these buildings are in a fair state of preservation. This model 

 is thirty-seven by forty-seven inches, outside measurements, 

 and the scale 1.72 or six feet to the inch. A " Restoration" of 

 the above forms the third in the series, of the same size and 

 scale, and is intended, as its name implies,to represent as nearly 

 as possible the original condition of the ruin. In this we see 

 that the approaches were made by ladders and steps hewn in 

 the rock, and that the roofs of one tier of rooms served as a 

 terrace for those back of them, showing a similarity, at least 

 in their construction, to the works of the Pueblos inNew Mexi- 

 co and Arizona. Scattered about over the buildings are mina- 

 ture representations of the people at their various occupations, 

 with pottery and other domestic utensils. 



The " Triple Walled Tower " at the head of the MoElmo, 

 is the subject of the fourth model. It was constructed by 

 Mr. Holmes, and represents, as indicated by its title, a triple 

 walled tower, situated in the midst of a considerable extent of 

 lesser ruins, probably of dwellings, occupying a low beach 

 bordering the dry wash of the McElmo. The tower is forty- 

 „two feet in diameter, the wall two feet thick, and now stand- 

 ing some twelve feet high. The two outer walls enclose a space 

 of about six feet in width, which is divided into fourteen 

 equally sized rooms, communicating with one another by 

 small window-like doorways. The above are all that were 

 exhibited at Philadelphia. Since then others have been made 

 by Mr. Jackson, as follows : 



" A Cliff House " in the valley of the Rio de Chelly. It is 

 about twenty miles above the cave town already spoken of. 

 This is a two-story house, about twenty feet square, occupying 

 a ledge some seventy-five feet above the valley, and overhung 

 by the bluff. The approach from the valley is by a series of 

 steps hewn in the steep face of the rock, and this method was 

 the one most used by the occupants, although there is a way 

 out to the top of the bluff. This model is forty two inches in 

 height by twenty -four broad, and is built upon a scale of 1.36. 



"Tiwa," one of the seven Moqui towns in northeastern 

 Arizona, is a very interesting and instructive model, represent- 

 ing as it does one of the most ancient and best authenticated 

 of the dwellings of a people who are supposed to be descend- 

 ants of the Cliff Dwellers. Tiwa is the first of the se ven vil- 

 lages forming the province as we approach them from the 

 east, aud occupies the summit of a narrow mesa some 600 feet 

 in height, and 1,200 yards in length, upon which are also two 

 other somewhat similar villages. The approach is by a cir- 

 cuitous roadway hewn in the perpendicular face of the bluff, 



which surrounds the mesa upon all sides : it is the only ap- 

 proach accessible for animals to the three villages. Other 

 ladder-like stairways are cut in the rock which are used princi- 

 pally by the "water carriers, for all their springs and reservoirs 

 are at the bottom of the mesa. This village is represented upon 

 a scale of one inch to eight feet, or 1.96. The dimensions of 

 the model are thirty-six inches in length, twenty-nine inches in, 

 width, and fourteen inches high. 



In the Spring of 1877, Mr. Jackson made a tour over much 

 of the northern part of New Mexico and westward to the 

 Moqui towns in Arizona, and secured materials for a number 

 of very interesting models, illustrating the methods of the 

 Pueblos or town builders in the construction of their dwellings. 

 Two villages have been selected for immediate construction 

 as showing the most ancient and best known examples of their 

 peculiar architecture, viz. : Taos and Acoma, the one of many 

 storied, terraced houses, and the other built high up on an im- 

 pregnable rock. 



The model of Taos is now completed, the dimensions of 

 which are forty -two by thirty-nine inches, and the scale one 

 inch to twenty feet. Of this town Davis says: " It is the best 

 sample of the ancient mode of building. Here are two large 

 houses, three or four hundred feet in length and about one 

 hundred and fifty feet wide at the base. They are situated 

 upon opposite sides of a small creek, and in ancient times are 

 said to have been connected with a bridge. They are five and 

 six stories high, each story receding from the one below it, 

 and thus forming a structure terraced from top to bottom. 

 Each story is divided into numerous little compartments, the 

 outer tier of rooms being lighted by small windows in the 

 sides, while those in the interior of the building are dark, and 

 are principally used as storerooms. The only means of en- 

 trance is through a trap door in the roof, and you ascend •from. 

 story to story by means o# ladders on the outside, which are 

 drawn up at night." Their contact with Europeans has modi- 

 fied somewhat their ancient style of buildings, principally in 

 substituting door ways in the walls of their houses for those in 

 the roof. Their modern buildings are rarely over two stories 

 in Jieight, and are not distinguishable from those of their Mexi- 

 can neighbors. The village is surrounded by an adobe wall, 

 which is just included within the limits of the model, and in- 

 closes an area of eleven or twelve acres in extent. Within this 

 limit are four of their estufas, or secret council houses. These 

 are circular underground apartments, with a narrow opening 

 in the roof surrounded by a palisade, ladders being used to go 

 in and out. 



These models are first carefully built up in clay, in which 

 materials all the details are seemed, and are then cast in plaster; 

 a mould being secured by which they are readily multiplied to 

 any extent. They are then put in^the hands of the artists, and 

 carefully colored in solid oil paints to accurately resemble 

 their appearance uf nature ; and in the case of restorations, or 

 modern buildings, all the little additions are made which will 

 give them th appearance of occupation. 



The survey is in possession of the data for the construction 

 of many more models, and they will be brought out as opportun- 

 ity is given. They have also in connection with the ruins multi- 

 plied many of the curious pieces of pottery which have been 

 brought back from that region by the various parties connected 

 with the survey. 



For Forest and Stream and Bod and Gun. 

 TROUT FISHING IN PIKE COUNTY, 

 A/ PENN. 



AT a time when it is so much the fashion among sports- 

 men to wander fast and wander far in search of game 

 fish, game birds and game animals, and when the papers so 

 constantly tell us ol miraculous catches and enormous 

 slaughterings in lands far distant from those we live in, it has 

 become too much a habit with all of us residents of the Mid- 

 dle States to overlook the advantages with which nature has 

 blessed our own section of this broad land . 



When we want quail we think that we must pack our 

 breech-loaders, take a barrel or so of cartridges with us, and 

 tearing loose from all semblances of civilization, go, bag and 

 baggage, to the most primitive districts of the Carolinas. If 

 we would slay grouse, the Western prairies alone are broad 

 enough to gratify our ambition, while the disciples of Walton, 

 in their eager search for Salmo salar or Salmo fontinalU, hie 



