2G8 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



J. D., St. Louis.— ^Your ferns are, as far as we can make out : 

 No. 2, GyrtomuimanomopJiyllum; No. 3, AspkniumluciMm; 

 No. 4=, Cyrtomium cwyotideum; No. 5, Polypodmm frani- 

 nijolium; No. 6, Polypodium aureum; No. 7, Polypodium 

 'effusum; No. 8, Ortomium falcatum ; No. 10, Polypodium 

 tetragonum; No. 11, Adiantum UsipiduUm; No. 12, Poly- 

 sUchum (Aspidmm) proliferum ; No. 16, Pteris geramifoUa. 

 The other numbers we are not positive about from the speci- 

 mens sent. Send better specimens next time. 



H. J. 0., Milton, Pa.— The Life Plant (Bryophyllum calyci- 



mm) can be had of almost any florist for twenty-five cents. 

 It is grown only for its being curious, and may not be found 

 in every collection. 



nose, from the stop to the tip, and the jaw lacked muscular 

 development. However, I should much like to see her bred 

 to a first-class sire. Mr. Darling and Mr. GTiswold own some 

 pups, the latter's, I believe, are in training, but I am informed 

 that the cream of the fox terriers was shown at the London, 

 Ontario, show. 



To Coebespondbkts.— Those desiring us to prescribe for their dogs 

 will please take note ol and describe the following points in each ani- 

 mal: 



1. Age. 2. Pood and medicine given. 3. Appearance of the eye ; 

 of the coat ; of the tongue and lips. 4. Any changes in the appearance 

 of the body, aa bloating, drawing in of the flanks, etc. 5. Breathing, 

 the number of respirations per minute, and whether labored or not. 

 6. Condition of the bowels and Becretions of the kidneys, color, etc. 7. 

 Appetite; regular, variable, etc. 8. Temperature of the body as indi- 

 cated by the bulb of the thermometer when placed between the body 

 and the foreleg. 9. Give position of kennel and surroundings, outlook, 

 contiguity to other buildings, and the uses of the latter. Also give any 

 peculiarities of temperament, movements, etc., that may be noticed ; 

 Bigns of suffering, etc. 

 * 



THE FOX TERRIER. 



. . For Forest and Stream and JJotl and Gun. 



I AM very glad to see that the sporting journals are at last 

 beginning to take an interest in other dogs besides the point- 

 er and setter. There are many gentlemen dog-fanciers who 

 never shoot, but still have a kindly regard for the dog, and 

 it is to these and the members of the Queens Oo. Hunt Club, 

 aud*ther fox-hunting associations, 1 would address. 



The pointer .and setter, especially the latter, have been so 

 thoroughly discussed in the papers that it would be well to 



can breed as good dogs as "Rattlei" and "Jo 

 grand sires and grand dams never cost more thari 

 each, so that the raging fashion for fox terriers in i 

 similar to the pure black fox pelt, which is worth 

 from $100 to $350, according to its size, color and 

 hair. 



The fox terrier is gradually coming into fashi 

 country, but it will be some time before he gains 

 riety that he has done in the Old World ; and 1 can , 

 who fancy this breed of dog, that good specimens a 

 chased of reliable gentlemen in England, at from 

 or even a trifle less. Jons M. T 



The "Retreat," Belle fonte, Va. 



CANINE THERAPEUTICS. 



RATTLER. 



have some other variety of dog brought on the tapis, and, if 

 possible, gain as enviable a notoriety as the noted shooting 

 dogs. I do not propose to enter into the direct origin of the 

 fox terrier, simply because I firmly believe he has none ; he is 

 what is termed a made dog— that is, a mixture of different 

 breeds and, in this instance, of terriers and beagles. The 

 working fox terrier, or field dog, is used for bolting foxes on a 

 fox hunt— that is, a fox runs into a hole or drain to escape the 

 hounds and it is impossible to dislodge him, so a brace of fox 

 terriers are generally carried along, either by a man walking 

 or riding. Some of these dogs run behind the pack, but this 

 exertion makes them*too tired and exhausted for their pecu- 

 liar- work. The dog or dogs are then put on the track of the 

 fox where he entered the hole, the fox terrier scrambles in, 

 and ought to commence baying, barking and turning out the 

 fox, not fighting, as the object is to bolt the fox, not to injure 

 Mm so that the hounds may continue the run, giving Reynard 

 a little license, or time, to get away. The fox terrier, there- 

 fore, should not be large, about « to 18 pounds, but must, of 

 necessity, have plenty of pluck, game, endurance and strength 

 —if he is bitten by the fox, of course he is bound to return 

 it. It is almost impossible to train a dog of such thoroughly 

 game qualities not to bite, unless he is carefully entered, that 

 is, educating the pup at first when quite young to show every 

 disposition to murder— without actually committing the deed j 

 for where a fox terrier is a blood biting dog, then his use- 

 fulness in the field ceases ; for if he does not destroy the fox, 

 he will maim him, most probably, so that he is unable to run, 

 and consequently the hunt must come to an end. 



The first fox terrier that I became acquainted with wis 

 Tartar, then owned by Mr. Herbert. .<He was a noted and fa- 

 mous dog in his dav, and had a number of owners ; a good 

 worker, and a grand sue, as many winners of the bench show 

 to-day claim him as their progenitor. There arc a few speci- 

 mens here, but of a very different character to the above- 

 named dog. " Flitch," a dog owned by Mr. Hume, of Rich- 

 mond, was the model of a dwarf fox hound in build, and a 

 very likely looking fox terrier. His color was very good, but 

 he lacked'tbe long, powerful jaw, and, as I thought, a little 

 too small ;'but he was very young when I saw him last at the 

 Baltimore show, and bid fair to make a nice and serviceable 

 dog. "Tricksy" is only a fair bitch, much too short in the 



JOCK. 



This letter is simply an attempt to interest the public in the 

 fox terrier, so it would be out of my province to enter more 

 fully into the points and other special qualifications of this 

 wonderfully game and intelligent dog. Stonehenge, in his 

 coming work on the "Dogs of the British Isles of To-day," 

 will give all the points requisite. However, as it is well to 

 have* as many opinons as possible on this subject, I now place 

 before your readers a letter from W. Cropper Cope, who is 

 one of the oldest breeders, judges and the greatest authority 

 on fox terriers in England. He says : 



There is such a diversity of opinion respecting this breed 

 of clog, particularly in the present day, thnt it is a somewhat 

 difficult subject to enter upon. Few varieties of dogs show 

 greater intelligence than the fox terrier. Capt. Williams, Mr. 

 Merry and Jack Morgan were among the breeders ot the 

 earliest and best, and few, if any, have come up to the stand- 

 ard of "Old Jock," bred by Capt. WiMiams. He wis as 

 near perfection as possible, and it is a great question it ever 

 his like, taking him altogether, is seen again. "Vent- 

 ure" "Trimmer," "Old Trap," "Fox," "Chance, and 

 several others, were very good specimens, though not equal 

 to him. "Venture," however, was a grand dog, and alter 

 winning a great number of prizes, I sold him to Mr. H. Gib- 

 son for a long figure, in whose possession he soon died. 

 " Old Jock" -had several masters ; he was in my possession 

 longer than in that of any other person, ami, after winning an 

 immense number of prizes, he was only defeated on two occa- 

 sions by a dog called "Tartar," which was anything but a 

 fox terrier, showing a good deal of the bull terrier type. 

 I have owned the very best dogs that have yet been produced, 

 such as " Old Jock," " Venture," " Trimmer," " i ox, ' Ola 

 Trap" "Ruby," "Grove," "Nettle," "Nectar," and many 

 others All these have been very successful, and large prize 

 winners, and sorry am I ™ say that, as far as my judgement 

 is concerned, none like them grace the various benches at our 

 shows. I can only find now a very few approaching them. 

 These are Fletcher's " Rattler," " Little Jim," "Frisky, 

 and Bin-bridge's " Nettle." Fox terriers like the above-named 

 are very difficult to breed, and it is only now and then that 

 one approaching to perfection is found, and in such cases, 

 commands a very high price. Large numbers are exhibited at 

 various shows, where they are most attractive, and are gener- 

 ally a puzzle to the judges who have to decide on their merits 

 and demerits. The fox terrier dog should not exceed 18 lbs. ; 

 a bitch, 16 lbs.; his principal requirement being to enter any 

 earth or drain to bolt a fox. It is of consequence that he 

 should be of good constitution, being continually exposed to 

 wet and cold. Courage and determination are essentially 

 requisite, enabling him to endure punishment. He is not 

 wanted, however, to draw tne badger, but to go to ground and 

 bay at, not destroy, a fox in his earth ; consequently, he- 

 must not be too sharp. He is a distinct family, and -ought to 

 destroy vermin without the bull dog cross. The forehead 

 must be lower than that of the pointer ; the head lengthy ; 

 nose, pointed, long, and tipped with black; cars, short and 

 thin, dropping close to the cheek ; well-formed jaws ; strong 

 teeth level neck, rather light back, lengthy, strong loin, 

 «howin»- ribs, round back, ribs deep, legs straight, catlike feet, 

 stem tine, and must not curl, coat smooth, thick set, not wiry; 

 as to color, thin- is a wide difference of opinion; that most 

 preferred is white, with markings of black and tan 01 black— 

 brindled is certainly objectionable, Points :— Head and ears 

 10 • nose 10 • jaw 5 ; eye,. 5 ; chest and back, 10 ; shoulders 

 and neck, 15': hind quarters, 10 ; legs and feet, 20; symmetry 

 and color, 15. 



Btonehenge's joints arc similar to these, and do not differ 

 materially. The fox terrier most talked about at the present 

 time is the extraordinary bench show winner, " Rattler," a 

 champion of champions, whose portrait appears above. He 

 is owned by Mr- Fletcher, of Manchester, England, to whom 

 I am indebted for the photograph, and other- interesting mat- 

 ter as follows : 



Anything like a good fox terrier dog fetches now from £50 

 to £100. I have refused £180 for " Rattler," and my best 

 bitch was claimed at the last Birniinghain show for £100. 

 You will not be able to obtain a medium, either a dog or a 

 bitch for much less than £25 or £30. " Rattler " was point- 

 ed to a scale of measurement, and was bred by Mr. Luke 

 Turner, of Nottingham, England, and has won 140 first 

 prizes since he became my property. Every time there has 

 been a prize offered for the best dog in the show, I have 

 always won with "Rattler," beating every other breed of dog, 

 a feat never before accomplished by a fox terrier. Fox terriers 

 are now the leading and most fashionable classes in England, 

 but there arc very few- that can be called first-class, and £100 

 is only an ordinary figure for what is termed a champion dog 

 or bitch. 



Gentlemen dog-fanciers must not be alarmed at these prices, 

 as we cannot, all of us, own " Goldsmith Maids "or " Ten 

 Bracks," yet there^ is a possibility, and probability, that we 



THE word tonic is derived from a Greek word 

 Is tretch, and by a figurative allusion to a 

 sical instrument, the cords of which do not givi 

 t proper sound unless made, duly tense, tonic remedies 

 cribed as those which gradually produce the requi 

 of tension of the nervous system, or generally! 

 fibre, and which enables it fitly to respond to all oi 

 and appropriate stimuli. The idea of tension is i 

 associated withall our notions of vital force, becaua 

 common, if not the only, conception we posses 

 power is derived from our experience of the phci 

 muscular force, which is always displayed in con 1 

 the tension of muscular fibre. 



All exhibitions of force in the animal economy in 

 elements, a vital and an organic element ; the form 

 represents the power, the latter the mechanism by 

 power operates. The organ may be fully dew, 

 sound, but the power tomove it may be defective 

 other hand, the vital activity may be unimpaired 1 

 aggerated, but, from defective nutrition, the organ ma 

 unable to manifest the power which is expended in it. j 

 ly, neither of these elements may possess the requisite ftt 

 of development ; the organ may be imperfectly mm 

 and, at the same time", the vital force may be wanting I 

 is required for the performance of its functions. 



For these morbid conditions nature has bountifully prov 

 remedies : stimulants to excite and tonics ti 

 as if with an intelligent anticipation of the needs of tlic 

 tern, a third class of medicines, which combin 

 the other two. Not altogether different in tin 

 ture, tonics and stimulants do not exclude, but arc n 

 complemental to one another— the former d 

 ganic nutritive element, the latter the dynai 

 vital power. According to the necessities of 

 ease, we may employ an exclusively l.onii 

 ively stimulant method of treatment, or coml 

 associating representatives of each el, 

 in which tonic and stimulant virtues are uni 

 proportions, and which may be cal 

 stimulant tonics, according to the quality whL 

 in each. 



Comparing pure tonics and pure stimulants wiflt* 

 other, we are struck with the remarkable di 

 them, that while theiutluence of the latter is 

 the former is comparatively permanent. Bii 

 upon the nervous systam, rob it of power by 

 lation, and, unless the loss were made up by 

 would soon exhaust it completely ; but ever. 

 uncka- due conditions as regards 1 

 strength of the system in a slow aud gradual 

 manner. Nevertheless, tonics are stiinulanl 

 force, aud, as we shall see, produce some ol 

 of stimulants when employed too lavishly, 

 proportion to the susceptibility of the stomai 

 vous system. Stimulants are also virtually 

 means of their power over the intensity of 01 

 they enable the stomach to digest food vvhiel 

 aid, would be only burdensome and imtatii 1 



Besides the groups of tonic remedies just 

 is another, which may with propriety be 

 cause each member of it presents peculiarilh 

 its essential nature, or upon its asso 

 possessed of specific powers. The most imp 

 tius ekss is iron. Its operation upon the si 

 fore its direct influence upon the function 

 most inappreciable ; and those of its prepu 

 administered with a view to this eib 

 they may have in promoting it to tin' acids 

 are combined. A more correct denominatioi 

 be that of a nutrient medicine, for 

 and in the solids, also, it is quite 

 ments of ordinary food to the perform. 

 tions. Cinchona possesses the virtues 

 and that in a high degree, but its 

 depend upon quinia and the other alkulon 

 tains, and which impart to it anti-periodic virl 

 marked action of quinia upon the can 

 is that it has a direct sedative influence up< 

 of the heart. With dogs it is less valuabli 

 than carbozoate of ammonia, and other all 

 as combined with quinia. The same maybe 

 bark and dogwood as of cinchona, altli 

 perties in them are quite feeble, so much 

 to declare that they do not exist at all. Finn 

 bark contains a bitter and tonic principle 

 direct sedative, hydrocyanic acid, and afford 

 the only example of this association 1 excel 

 parently antagonistic virtues in the same sub 

 Bitter tonics, as those vegetable produc i< 

 to owe their tonic properties to then bid 

 short time before meals, excite the appetil 

 debilitated stomach capable of digesting a gi 

 food than it could otherwise dispose of. ' 

 their iufluence, and provided that > 

 not impaired, the muscular strength 

 all the operations of the economy are mi 

 formed. 



The nature of the action excited b 

 the stomach is not well understood ; but 1 

 their effects under different circuniht 

 that they act as irritants. For if they are 



