3L8 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



Bosk Watee and Atta.b op Roses. — As is 

 generally known, this district is the most fer- 

 tile m the Turkish empire for the production 

 of attar of roses ; and, as little is known of 

 this curious and interesting process, a few 

 words as to how the roses are grown and how 

 the essence is extracted may he permitted. 

 This district, which is called the district of 

 Kezanlik, produces annually more of the 

 essence than all the other rose-growing dis- 

 tricts of Turkey put together. The whole 

 quantity produced in Turkey may he roughly 

 estimated at 3,600 pounds annually, of which 

 1,800 pounds are manufactured in this dis- 

 trict and the rest in seven other districts, all 

 alike in the Sandjak or province of Philip- 

 polis. The soil best suited for the cultivation 

 of roses is what we find -in such large tracts of 

 land in this neighborhood, namely, sandy 

 slopes with a southern exposure, and the 

 method of planting and rearing is as follows: 

 ^n spring and autumn parallel trenches a few 

 l nches deep are dug in the soil selected about 

 IV yards apart, and in the.se trenches are 

 placed short branches taken from an old rose 

 tree. These must not be cut off the old plant, 

 but torn off, so as to carry with them part of 

 the peel or bark of "the plant. They are 

 placed in the trench so as to form a continu. 

 ous line, and the earth, with some manure, is 

 then filled in. In about six months small 

 plants begin to show above the ground, but 

 bear no roses until the second year, and these 

 are of no great value. The third year's crop 

 is lit for the production of the essence, and by 

 the fifth year the plant is at its best. It re- 

 mains in this "condition for several years, but 

 after about fourteen or fifteen years the qual- 

 ity of the roses has so deteriorated and the 

 bushes grown so thick that replanting is neces- 

 sary. By this time they may be six feet high. 

 The rose tree is a very delicate plant, and re- 

 qaires constant care. As the crop of flowers 

 advances toward harvest time the cultivator 

 has to make a kind of rough estimate of the 

 quantity of buds and flowers that he must 

 gather each day. This is limited by the 

 amount of labor he can command to pick the 

 young full-blown roses before sunrise and by 

 the quantity he can distil at one time. For 

 the sun soon dispels the scent, and the flowers 

 must go immediately into the still. Thus 

 supposing he sees or judges that it will take ten 

 days for the whole crop to come to perfection, 

 he must in the first morning gather a tenth of 

 his ciop, and proceed to distil that quantity, 

 and this will explain why a sudden burst of 

 heat forcing on t tie whole crop is so disadvant- 

 ageous. It al.-:o appears tliaC any great heut dur- 

 ing the tim3 of distillation ca ises the quality 

 of the es-ence to deteriorate. The disuilaimn 

 is carried on in the most , rimitive maimer, 

 and yet seems to an-.wer the purpose aseifect- 

 ually as would auy more complicated or 

 seieutilic meiio.l. The still itself in fuim re- 

 seiubtea liuge copper bottle, with a neck 

 consisting of A smaller chamber. the height 

 of this still is about five feet. From the top 

 a pipe passes into a receiver, through wliicu 

 the distilled w a' er passes. Into this still is 

 placed a quantity of roses with ten limes as 

 much water, and the distillation is carried on 

 until the amount of liquid in the receiver 

 equals in weight the amount of roses in the 

 still. The roses are then thrown out and a 

 fresh quantity put in, and the process is re- 

 p ;ated undl alt the water is evaporated, when 

 a tresh opeiation begins. Ttie liquid thus 

 obtained is rose water, which is again subjeci- 

 ed to distillation, when the real essence is 

 produced ie the form of a pale yellow oil. 

 The quantity of essence that a given number 

 of roses will produce is very uncertain, but a 

 rjU'Jh average may be taken that to produce 

 one 3 pound weight of the esaenee it requires 

 the astonishing weight of 2a cwt. From this 

 may be gathered some idea of the enormous 

 amount of laud occupied and labor bestowed 

 on the cultivation of roses in this district 

 alone, which annually p oduces upward of 1,- 

 800 pounds to 2,000 pounds weight of the 

 essence. There are no large farmers of roses. 

 The rural population have the manufacture 

 entirely in their own hands, and every man 

 that has a small field of roses has also his dis- 

 t ding apparatus. Very often among the poor 

 liuhntnans this constitutes their entire capital, 

 •with a small field of maize, a few plum tress 

 aid a few vines.— Letter pom Sldpka Pass to 

 t ie London Times 



» 



How rr Looks to a Lunatic.— The following 

 dialogue is reported aa having taken place be- 

 tween a gamekeeper and a patient looking 

 through the iron gate of a French lunatic asylum: 

 1 itieut— That s a line horse. What's it worth i 

 Keeper— Five hundred dollars. Patient— And 

 what did that gun cost? Keeper— One hundred 

 dollars. Patient— And those dogs? Keeper- 

 Eighty dollars, I believe. Patient— What hare 

 vou got in that game bag ? Keeper— A wood- 

 cock" Patient— Well, now, yuu had bettor hurry 

 on for if our goveruor oatcheB a man who has 

 apent $680 to get a woodcock worth 30 cents 

 he'll have him under lock and key in no time, 1 

 lellyoa, — 



Tiffany & Co., Silversmiths, Jew- 

 elers, and Importers, have always a 

 large stock of silver articles for 

 prizes for shooting, yachting, racing 

 and other sports, and on request they 

 prepare special designs for similar 

 purposes. Their Timing Watches 

 are guaranteed for accuracy, and are 

 now very generally used for sport- 

 ing and scientific requirements. 

 TIFFANY & CO. are also the 

 agentB in America for Messrs. 

 Patkk, Philippe & Co., of Geneva, 

 of whose celebrated watches they 

 have a full line. Their stock of 

 Diamonds and other Precious Stones, 

 General Jewelry, Artistic Bronzes 

 and Pottery, Electro-Plate and Sterl- 

 ing Silverware for Household use, 

 fine Stationery and Bric-a-brac, is 

 the largest in the world, and the pub 

 lie are invited to visit their estab- 

 lishment without feeling the slightest 

 obligation to purchase. Unior 

 Square. New York. 



Piper Heidsieck 



PIPE 



For Sale Everywhere. 



JOHN OSBOBN, SON & CO., 



45 Beaver street, New York, 



and 

 44 St. Sacrament s'reet, Montreal, 

 Ocm GENERAL AGENTS. 



NEW YOUK SHOOTING COAT. 



A stylish, handsome Coat. First-class in every particular. Pleasant to wear, durable, and In the 

 end the cheapest ^^ ^ ^^ VELVETEE|| . 



Pockets and lining made to take out, bo that it may be worn for early fall and winter shooting. (Horace 



Smith Esa savs : " It Is n:y Idea of a shooting coat. I have worn them for several years, and would 

 have none other.") Price for Coat, $25; Vest, S6.50. Also the beat brown corduroy pants at $10 per pair. 

 I make only the one grade, as the cheapest, goods do not turn briars and will not give satisfaction. 



Also In addition to the above, I am making a Waterpioof Canvas Suit, cut same style as the 

 Velveteen : goods, not stiff and hard, but soft and pleasant to wear ; guaranteed to turn water, .sportsmen 

 who ha^seln it sar it is The Best Yet. Coat, $6.50. For full Suit, $14 00. I also make the Sleeveless 

 Coat • Vest with sleeves if desired. Rules lor measurement and samples sent upon application. 



« ' F. L. SHELDON, Rahway, N. J. 



For Sale by Dealers in GUNS and SPORTSMEN'S SUPPLIES. 



STONE'S 



Sporting Emporium, 



No. 213 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia. 



PARTICULAR ATTENTION PAID TO 



LOADI NG S HELLS. 



Taxiderrav iu a'l ns tranches. Repairing ol 

 Guns, Ififle. Pistols and Fishing Tackle a specialty, 



THE UNITED STATES CARTRIDGE COMPANY, 



LOWELL, MASS. 



Manufacturers of the 



CENTRAL FIRE, SOLID HEAD, 



BRASS SHELL, RE-LOADING CARTRIDGE, 



Used bv the Armv and Navy of the United States and several Foreign Governments. 

 y * All kinds of RIM FIRE AMMUNITION. 



Special attention paid to orders for TARGET PRACTICE CARTRIDGES. 

 Send for Illustrated Catalogue^ 



WALLA©! & mm, Agents, N). Y. 



Sportsman's Gazetteer 



AUD 



GENERAL GUIDE, 



By CHARLES HAlhOCK, 

 Editor " Forest and Stream and Rod and Gun." 



896 pp., Price $3. 

 Tinted Paper, $4 ; half -bound mo. , $5. 



A complete Dictionary for Sportsmen. Every- 

 body wants it that has a dog, gun or fishing rod. 

 , Aamiplete description of aU kinds of Game, Fish, 

 * to. Field Sports, Woodcraft, Angling, Ply Tying, 

 Dons, nog Breeding, Diseases and Treatment, Boat- 

 ing and tioat-buildiog. 



Severa' th.nsind localities where game and fish 

 are to be found. 



Nothing of the k'nd ever before published worth 

 tern times the price. 



FOBLISHED BY 



FORES r & STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 

 ^1U Fulton street, KewTorlt., 



Handiest gun case manufactured ; made of heavy bridle leather, and ra bist style ; «n ?e wmed »M 

 as a satchel everywhere ; price 86. Sent by express u. O D. Also made of, heavy TOgrpiOTf «"™£ 



lined with flannel; price 1*2 : sent by mail, postage prepaid. ' 

 way. New York. P. O. Box 1,016. 



'Address THOMSON & SON, 301 Broad- 



ESTABLISHED IN 1837. 

 Consult your interest by sending; for our revised and reduced prices. 



i Excelsior 



LATEST IMPROVEMENT. 

 Double Treadle, including one rial- 

 Saws, thirty inimitable Fret Sawing 

 Patterns and prepared Wood, to tile 

 value of $4. A new device for tighten- 

 ing Save, Power Drilling attach 



Wrench. Oil Cup and Screw £ 



Speed, 8oo strokes per minute. Saws, 

 i 1-2 inch thick. Price, complete, cased 

 and delivered on board cars or at Ex- 

 press office, $12. 



Saw only, without attachments, $9. 



SMALL STEAM ENCIN'ES. 

 With Copper Boiler, to drive light 

 Lathes. Scroll Saws, etc. Are all r.izci 

 from 1-8 up to 3 horse power; either 

 plain castings, partly finished, or com- 

 plete, ready for — 



Nearly one thousand in Usb. 

 Buffalo Pony Planer. Will earn it. 

 self and, pay expense of running in* 

 days. Price from S50 and upwards, 

 each, 



LIGHT MACHINES FOR PONY 

 OR HORSE POWER. 



Thegrcat success of these machines 

 is unprecedented, and it may be con- 

 fidently affirmed that no article has 

 ever more clearly proved Its super- 

 iority for the quantity and quality of 

 its work than this. It is made in 

 several sizes, and can be fitted up 

 iuIc, steam or wind power, in addition 



The "Scientific At.... 



1S7S. savs of the above, 



Editorial, introducing - 



to the public: •• It c'a 



churns, washing mach 



freezers, run coffee m — . 



through a house, actuate foot lathes, 



scroll saws or light boxing machinery, 



run knitting or solving machines, turn 



a grindstone or emery wheel, work ven- 

 tilating or hand thrashing machine cut- 



,r feed choppers, or sausage machines, drive small blowers for pneumatic dispal 



nidi's forge, or compress ait or work an air pump on a small scale in a laboratory. The! 

 *" ~m be applied." 



dlusc above mentioned. 



Buffalo Excelsior Pony Planer and Matcher. 



Patented March 30, 1875. 



Best of its land in use. 

 Price, complete. $m- 

 Also Planing Machine 

 Knives, which are recom- 

 mended as superior and 

 extra in quality. 



ling boats from 18 to =8 feet long. 4 «•* to S 1-5 feet heam, with draft of water 

 .andrudderpo5toti'.,L, pine planking , 1 ugAont,fitted 



all around the boat, lockers and coal Lunkers, and have two coats ol paint. 



these the safest and fastest, as they can be made to attain a speed of from ti to 

 16 miles per hour. 

 They arc adapted to 

 a great variety of uses, 

 such as Excursion. 

 Shooting, Fishing or 

 Pic-Nic Parties, for 

 travelers, voyagers, 

 botanists and tuuriiu. 

 and ^prciallyowing, 

 to their light draft 01 

 ie easily detached from the boat, and is then 

 i^^^7&^S^S^^Sc^SM^^L^w»*mi^ « for the use ol Amateurs, when power u needed 



._. Prirt of so foot boat, complete, . . ■■.:.•„• • • »435*» 



© Price of Engine and Boiler, without boat, including driving pulley, . . 375.00 



Qluttttci Cataloged containing Ona Hundred Scroll Work Eeelgns mailod to any &ddroi fret on racalpt of Stampi 

 GEORGE PARR, BUFFALO", N.T., V, 8. A. 



Gale's Patent Tents, 



Adapted to all purposes 

 where Lawn, Beach, 

 Banters' and Camp Tents 

 are used ; are eight feet 

 high, seven feet square 

 at bottom, will lodge four 

 persons ; can be set up or 

 taken down and packed 

 in live minutes, making 

 •a bundle four feet long, 

 lot twenty-five pounds 

 weight. The pole In two 

 parts, is joined together by a brass tube. They 

 are wonderfully light, and yet very strong, and 

 are the handiest and cheapest tents extant. Samples 

 of goods and prle-e list sent free, and the tent sent 

 on receipt of price, or C. O. D. Prices from $10 to 

 JIB. 



GALi^& CO., 

 Ajj3 fcf Boston, Mass. 



Williamson & Co., 



568 BROADWAY, N. Y. (formerly 317 Broadway ) 



Kentucky State Single Number Lottery. 



DRAWING NOVEMBER 30. 



6,S80 prizes, $30O,00O. Capital prize, 850 OOO. 



Tickeia SIO. Halves, $5. Quarters, $3.50. 



KhlbthB.Sl.25 



MANAGERS' EASTERN AGENCY-Willlam- 

 Bon dt Co., 569 Broadway, comer Brin'-e St., 

 New York.' ^NOTUSli 



and 



THIS 18 A 



Foot R lie, Level, square, Plumb 

 Inclinometer. 



(t mav te uwil for icveiluu suuida for rest shoolinir, 

 and g'ivtg a once the degree of elevation and pitch 

 tothefoct. As a specimen of workmanship, it is 

 faultless, an l is Htrong and durable. So great is 

 onr conu, en ;e iu its merits that we hereby agree to 

 refund its cust in every case where peneet satisfac- 

 tion is not given. Sent by mail on receipt of $2.50 

 ^T).'PrTE NS" &. CO.. Kivi'on. Conn. Nov 1 ly 



UAiif/ !A>UJSGE CO., TROY,N. 1* 



Valise Luungc, $5 

 to S8. Trade dis- 

 _ counts. Free Circular*. 

 Piliou and MiK'pMo liar Oanmf tettJi wary L«mf 

 and Cot. Valise Cot, Price %IQ. Spreads « ft. x 

 •i ft. Jointed Tent Poles : 6 ft. poles, $3 per get j 9 

 rt. poles. $4 per set. Branch Otfl«es— 1 Cortlandt 

 St., N. T. Oity; 13 Fanleul Hull Square, Doston; 16 

 Utile Tejadillo, Havana; 41# Saasouie St., San Fran. 

 «M«0. Atfoata want«d. )jn ton , 



