390 DR MURRAY ON THE DEEP AND SHALLOW-WATER MARINE FAUNA 



Brachiopoda : 



Discina atlantica, King. 



* Magasella jiexuosa (King). 



* Waldheimia wyvillii, Davidson. 



Tunicata : 



Octacnemus bythius, Moseley. 

 Pyrosoma spinosum, Herdman. 



Fishes : 



*Bathylagus atlanticus, Giinther. 

 * Bathypterois longicauda, Giinther. 



* „ longipes, Giinther. 



* Bathysaurus J'erox, 1 Giinther. 



* Chlorophthalmus gracilis, Giinther. 

 Ipnops murrayi,' 2 Giinther. 

 * Macrurus affinis, Giinther. 



* ,, fernandezianus, Giinther. 



* ,, murrayi, Giinther. 



As in the case of List L, here again the great majority of the 253 species enumer- 

 ated were each taken at only one of the twenty-nine Stations. 



LIST II a. 



Only 25 species occurred at more than one of these Stations, and of these 18 

 species were each represented at two Stations, and the remaining 7 species each at three 

 Stations, as shown in the following list, where the number of Stations at which each 

 species was found is indicated in brackets after the name of the species : — 



1 Bathysaurus agassizii, Goode and Bean, obtained at a depth of 647 fathoms in the Atlantic, lat. 33° 36' N. 

 long. 76° 0' W., is probably not specifically distinct from the Pacific specimen [Bathysaurus ferox from Station 108, near 

 New Zealand, 1100 fathoms]. It seems to be a fish with a somewhat deeper body, but, then, it was ascertained to 

 be a " female, full of nearly mature eggs." — (Gunther, Zool. Ghall. Exp., part 57, p. 183.) 



2 Ever since the discovery of this fish [Ipnops murrayi] much uncertainty has prevailed with regard to the nature 

 and function of the extraordinary apparatus on the upper side of the head ; but from Professor Moseley's examination 

 it seems to be almost beyond doubt, that it is a special form of phosphorescent organ. The power of producing light, 

 and thereby attracting other creatures, must be of great use to a fish, which, deprived of organs of sight and touch, would 

 be unable to procure its food. The question of the homology of the luminous organ and its covering lamella? is still 

 obscure ; and no other specimen can be sacrificed to investigate the osteology of the skull. If, as Professor Moseley's 

 investigations seem to prove, the luminous organ is not a modification of the eye, as Mr Murray and myself supposed 

 at first, and if the organ of vision with the optic nerve has disappeared, the luminous organ is probably the homologue 

 of that which is found in some Scopelids between the eye and nostril, and the covering plates would be the homologues 

 of the praeorbital membrane bones. With the abortion of the eyes the luminous organs with their praiorhitals would 

 have moved from their usual lateral position to the top of the head. — (Gunther, Zool. Ghall. Exp., part 57, pp. 190-1.) 



