650 MR FRANK J. COLE ON THE 



to the tentacular system." As stated above, I believe this nerve is represented in 

 Chimsera. 



Schwalbe (23) first discovered that there were two superficial ophthalmics, but did 

 not assign each to its proper nerve. This, however, was very clearly pointed out by 

 Marshall (30). Schwalbe only saw the ophthalmic of the Vllth in Chim&ra, and, 

 further, overlooked the true roots of the Vth. In Lsemargus, Ewart (58, p. 75) describes 

 the ophthalmic of the Vth as follows : — " More or less distinct in sharks, the superficial 

 ophthalmic of the trigeminal in rays consists of very few fibres, which, on leaving the 

 trigeminal, at once more or less completely unite with the superficial ophthalmic of the 

 facial." In this connection, and to avoid confusion, it is important to remember 

 Pollard's statement re the profundus of Callicthys. He says : * — " An ophthalmicus 

 profundus is only represented by certain fibres running in the course of the ramus 

 ophthalmicus superficialis of the facial." The superficial ophthalmic of the Vth is not 

 exactly represented in Amphibia, and Wilder (62) and Strong (68) consider that the 

 large ophthalmic division of the trigeminus found in this group = the superficial 

 ophth. + profundus of fishes. If this be the case, the connection between the 

 profundus and Vth will have reached its highest possible limit. 



As I have previously pointed out, the labials of Chimsera and the innervation of 

 their muscles have been described by Vetter (15). He distinguishes four labial muscles, 

 as follows : — 



(1) Anterior labial. 



(2) Posterior labial. 



(3 and 4) The two divisions of the levator anguli oris. 



It is difficult, however, to identify Vetter's nerves with my own, beyond that the 

 innervation comes from the maxillary (possibly from the motor (?) branch of the pro- 

 fundus), as, unfortunately, I was not acquainted with Vetter's memoir at the time of 

 making my dissections, and have not access to it at the time of writing. I am compelled, 

 therefore, to refer readers interested in the subject to the original memoir itself. 



Visceral branches going to the mouth from the maxillary and mandibular divisions 

 of the Vth have been found in Amphibia by Strong (68), and evidently correspond to 

 the similar branches I have described above in Chimasra. I was only successful, how- 

 ever, in tracing a maxillary bundle on to the mouth. 



The Facial, or Seventh Cranial Nerve. 



I propose to consider this nerve in two sections, which will be described as (1) the 

 Facial Proper, and (2) the Lateral Line Nerves. With the latter I include the auditory 

 or eighth cranial nerve. The nerves included in (1) are those which represent the facial 

 in higher vertebrates, whilst the lateral line nerves are held to be a perfectly independent 



* Oral Cirri, p. 394. 



