= Facial proper. 



662 MR FRANK J. COLE ON THE 



Recent researches on the facial nerve of Fishes and Amphibia enable us to draw up 

 a scheme as to the composition of a typical hyomandibular trunk. It should have the 

 following branches : — 



( 1 ) ' Dorsal ' branches. Generally absent, but described for 



Echinorhinus by Jackson and Clarke. 



(2) A visceral sensory (and motor ?) division (palatine and 



chorda tympani). Includes prse-branchial. 



(3) A visceral motor ( + visceral sensory ?) division = post- 



branchial. (3) and (5) should have a similar proximal 

 course, but be quite separable, as described in Auchenaspis 

 by Pollard (60). 



(4) A cutaneous sensory division = anastomosis between IXth and Vllth (Jacob- 



son's anastomosis), as described by Goronowitsch (45), Pinkus (67), and 

 Strong (68).* 



(5) A lateral line division = external mandibular. 



Chimasra is lacking in (1) and (4). 



Unless the ganglion cells at the base of the palatine represent the ganglion of the 

 facial proper, I have failed to demonstrate the geniculate ganglion in Chimasra. 

 Ewart, assenting to the homology between the palatine of fishes and the great super- 

 ficial petrosal of man, first established by Stannius (p. 71), regards these cells as repre- 

 senting the spheno-palatine ganglion of man (57), but does not sufficiently distinguish 

 between his geniculate and spheno-palatine ganglia. I am therefore disposed to agree 

 with Strong that there; is only one ganglion on the facial proper, and that is the 

 geniculate ganglion situated at the base of the palatine, i.e., where the facial proper 

 divides into its three characteristic branches.^ 



Before proceeding to discuss the literature of the lateral line system, I shall briefly 

 refer to the still somewhat vexed question of the roots of the Vth and Vllth. The 

 doubtful points were to a great extent elucidated by the work of Marshall and Spencer 

 on Scylliwn (28), and the following scheme is based partly upon the results which they 

 obtained, and partly upon recent literature and my own observations. It represents 

 the roots of the Vth and Vllth in a typical fish. 



Trigeminus. 



(1) Anterior ventral ganglionated. May have two or more rootlets. = ventral tertiary 

 roots of embryo and root of profundus. Mainly sensory (but described as motor by 

 Stannius), and partly motor in Cyclostomes. 



(2) Posterior ventral ganglionated. = ventral secondary root of embryo. In adult 

 becomes related to Vllth. Largely motor, but also sensory. 



* There is no doubt that this nerve is a branch of the IXth, and only accompanies the Vllth. 

 + Cp. particularly in this connection Dixon's memoir, infra, who seems to me to prove this point. From what 

 this author says on pp. 56 and 65, Ewaht's palatine cells cannot correspond to Meckel's ganglion. 



