1893.] Shell Heaps of Florida. 11 
the shell deposit, a lance-head of graceful pattern, perfect in 
every respect; the only lance-head, as far as the writer has 
been able to learn, ever found at a considerable depth from 
the surface in any of the shell heaps of the St. John’s (Fig. 3). 
Other excavations yielded nothing of marked interest. 
HITCHEN’S CREEK. 
At the point where the St. John’s River enters Lake George 
is Volusia Bar. About half a mile south, Hitchen’s Creek 
joins the St. John’s on the east side of the river. A short dis- 
tance above, on the left hand side, going up the creek, are 
shell heaps and fields under cultivation; in all, about seven 
acres. A number of excavations yielded the usual bones of 
edible animals, and showed traces of numerous fire-places at 
varying depths. In the rear of the dwelling the shell deposit, 
considerably higher than elsewhere, is closely packed, the 
shells being crushed to a marked extent and having a large 
admixture of sandy loam—a “kjökkenmödding.” In this 
deposit, below two feet, no pottery was met with, and the Pal- 
udinæ were of small size, in comparison to those of some of 
the shell heaps. Scattered on the surface were Paludinæ 
georgianæ of large size, mingled with a Paludina previously 
unknown, Paludina georgiana, variety altior, Pilsbry The 
portion of the shell deposit, toward the swamp, is composed 
of unbroken shells, mostly of the two varieties of Paludina, 
of unusually large size and unmixed with sand or loam. 
Plain pottery is found in great abundance throughout. Water 
is reached at a depth of two feet. This deposit was probably 
made by the aborigines living upon the shell ridge adjacent, 
after the ridge had attained considerable size, since but few of 
the new variety of Paludina were found in the ridge below 
the surface and at comparatively little depth. 
SWAMP SHELL RIDGE NEAR MORRISON'S CREEK. 
About three miles south of Volusia Bar, Morrison’s Creek, a 
“ cut-off,’ divided from the St. John’s by an island, enters the 
’The Nautilus, April, 1892, p. 142, et seq. 
