8 THE P HILADELPHIA FLORIST. [May 



(^becomes so much deranged, that it either becomes very unhealthy or^ 

 dies. The only way to avoid this difficulty is not to wound such c 

 trees at the time their sap begins to flow, but to prune early and 

 thus give sufficient time for the sap vessels to close. This shows how 

 extremely necessary it is to perform the operation of pruning with 

 care. The first thing to be thought of is the peculiar nature of the 

 plant under operation, and the manner in which its special habits 

 may require a special mode of pruning. For example the fruits of 

 the walnut and fig is borne by the wood of the same season. That 

 of the filbert and peach of the second season, and the pears and ap- 

 ples on the wood of several years growth — so that it is perfectly 

 clear that of those three kinds each will require a distinct plan of 

 pruning for fruit. The pruner has also another object in view than 

 that of thinning the branches, so as to allow the free access of air 

 and light to the fruit. If this purpose is wisely followed out by 

 merely removing superfluous foliage the end attained is useful. 

 [to be continued.] 



Thomas Hutchinson. 



FOREIGN GRAPES. 



DESCRIPTIVE LIST. 



Prepared for the Philadelphia Florist, by James Powell. 



Mr. Editor : — I will cheerfully furnish you the list you desire of 

 Vines that I can describe from actual observation of such as have 

 been under my charge. I think you can rely on the descriptions at 

 all events as Philadelphian. J. P. 



Jjpril 10th, 1852. 



No. 1. — Black MorOCCO — young wood reddish, smooth, foliage 

 rather large, dark green with lobes, these deeply serrated ; footstalks 

 long crimson colored. Bunch, large, rather loose. Berries large, 

 oval, of a dark red or purple color, thick skin, sweet pleasant flavor, 

 large and hangs a long time on the vine — second rate. 



No. 2 — Black Hamburg — This well known grape scarcely 

 needs description, as it is the one commonly grown for a general 

 crop under glass, (in this country) being one of very best (if not the 

 best) either as regards a certainty of crop or flavor j young wood 

 of a light green color, smooth. Foliage light green, broad, and 

 smooth on the upper side. Bunch, above medium size, with short 

 shoulders. Berries good size, roundish, oval and deep purple when 

 ripened, but when the vine is burthened with too much fruit it never 

 assumes that fine dark color so much admired, but has a reddish hue, 

 *j. and then become what is commonly known as the Red Hamburg. 



c\ 



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