AND THE LOWER ANIMALS. 45 



this change of character is exhibited in the external 

 features of the being. The head of the young orang- 

 outang, on the whole, resembles that of man; the 

 skull is smooth and round, the forehead high, and the 

 face hardly more projecting than that of certain human 

 races. In the adult one, on the contrary, the cranium 

 is covered with bony processes, the brow depressed, 

 the face is prolonged in the form of a snout, and alto- 

 gether the creature bears, in the highest degree, the 

 stamp of everything that is purely animal. What we 

 have said of the orang is equally true of all those apes 

 which, from their resemblance to the human species, 

 have been termed anthropomorphic or man-like.* 

 The transformation which they undergo after a certain 

 date, instead of elevating them, places them a grade 

 lower in the scale, and therefore we may regard them 

 as instances of that mode of evolution which M. 

 Edwards has very appropriately styled recurrent 

 development. 



due to a blind instinct. Most of the writings on this subject are 

 contained in an abridged form in M. Flourens' work, " De V Instinct 

 et de 1' Intelligence des Animaux." See also M. Fee's work, " Etudes 

 philosophiques sur l'lnstinct et 1'Intelligence des Animaux." 

 - ' * On this point the reader should consult Professor Huxley's 

 valuable work " Man's Place in Nature.''— -Ed. 



