52 FLOWERS 
that the anther contains chambers (pollen sacs). How 
many pollen sacs are there in the anther studied? Des- 
cribe them with regard to form as solids, size and rela- 
tion in position. Do you find any pollen grains in the 
sacs? Are they attached? Draw a cross section of an 
anther in outline. 
Select several anthers, some with pollen clinging to 
the outside and others much younger. Iry to team 
how the pollen gets out of the sacs by studying these 
anthers under the hand lens and attempting to open 
them with your needles. 
Gynoecium.—Of how many pistils is hie gynoecium 
of the flower studied, composed? Each pistil is com- 
posed of three parts, an enlarged basel part called the 
ovary; a more or less enlarged part found at the distal 
end, called the stigma; and a part connecting the stigma 
with the ovary, called the style. In some flowers the 
style is very short or absent. If there is more than one 
pistil in the gynoecium, they may be more or less com- 
pletely united, i. e., the ovaries of the several pistils may 
be united and the styles and stigmas free. Describe, and 
draw the gynoecium of the flower studied, side view 
(x4). 
Examine in water under the miscroscope, several 
stigmas, both of flowers just opened and of flowers much 
older. Is the surface rough or smooth? Do you 
find any pollen grains attached to it? Have any of 
the grains germinated? If so, in which direction do the 
pollen grain tubes extend? If the stigmas are too thick 
to study under the high power, split them. The instruct- 
