74 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Feb. 23, 18PS. 



by neither Dash II. or Fred II,, because, had he been by one 

 or the other, Mr. Laverock would have been most unlikely bo 

 have made a mistake, since he always attended to the mating 

 of his dogs himself;" and second, Mr. Laverack and Mi - . Rob- 

 inson admit one Edmund Castle cross, and Mr. Laverack 

 stated to a number of persona that Pride of the Border's color 

 was due, to use the form as given by Mr. La.verack, ''to arever- 

 sion to the color of the, animal with which the. cross was 

 made." Taking these up in order we find then, in the first 

 place, that we are to accept Mr. Llewelhn's unsupported state- 

 ment that. Pride of the Border "was a direct outcross," be- 

 cause Mr. Lave rack, in giving a pedigree, undoubtedly from 

 memory, at one time mentioned Dash II. as the sire of Piide 

 and at another time gave Fred II. as the sire. There appears 

 no evidence that any other dog was mentioned, or even hinted 

 at as having sired Pride, hence" either of these two might have 

 been the sire and yet not have affected the result of Pride's 

 being purebred, and "Lumen" in one of his articles in Land 

 and "Water explicitly sta bes that '•nobody doubts that the im- 

 mediate ancestors of Pride of the Border were given correctly" 

 in the pedigree as printed in the K. C. S. B. Yet Mr. Llew- 

 ellin, notwithstanding he takes the letters of "Lumen" as par- 

 tial proof of the assertion he makes against Pride, does not ap- 

 pear to be willing to admit that the different statements made 

 to various parties by Mr. Laverack might be due solely to fail- 

 ing memory, and because these varying statements have been 

 made, therefore Pride of the Bolder must be outbred. 



This is certainly curious logic. But if we are. to hold a per- 

 son to such strict account for lapses of memory as to let the 

 random statement, the hap-hazard word, of a person when 

 away from his records, invalidate a record which is down in 

 black and white, and was evidently made when the mating 

 took place; if •we will not admit that a person may make an 

 erroneous statement without being dishonest; if we are not 

 willing to allow that Mr. Laverack in discussing the pedigrees 

 of his dogs, which were undoubtedly very much intermingled, 

 might have said unthinkingly and without any dishonest in- 

 tent, something which was not true, then what can we do 

 when such statements are made as in the last Forest and 

 Stream, that ' 'it is well kno wu that none of Pride of the Border's 

 get have, ever shown a trace of liver," or in a communication by 

 "Leathcrhead" in BeWs Life that Petrel was "own sister to 

 Pilkmgton's Dash and Fletcher's Rock," or in another place, 

 where a writer in compiling a, pedigree table makes Young 

 Laverack by Blue Prince out of Cora, instead of out of Fairy, 

 and numerous other mistakes of a like nature? In fact the K. 

 C. S. B. has -very many mistakes of a similar nature; and who 

 can tell us now positively which one of thepedigrees there given 

 of Pride of the Border was authorized by Mr. Laverack, and 

 who ca.n say that in every case the pedigree was not given by 

 him as by Cash II, out of Belle II. , and that the error is not 

 with the compiler? Who can say that Mr. Laverack did not 

 try to have the pedigree of so valued a dog as Pride kept 

 straight? But every one who has common sense knows that 

 after an error has crept into such a book it is very difficult to 

 eradicate it, as it is always rising up in the most unaccount- 

 able manner to confront you. In the instances above given 

 the. writers were writing avowedly for publication and with 

 the records at hand for consultation, and yet they did not tell 

 the truth. Now, I ask, are such erroneous statements to affect 

 the pedigrees of the dogs named? Very few, I think, will be. 

 willing for a moment to admit anything of the kind, and, un- 

 doubtedly, also very f ew will be willing to admit for many 

 minutes 'in the face" of the pedigree given with Pride by Mr. 

 Laverack to Mr. Raymond that Pride of the Border was not 

 by Dash IL out of Belle II. until Mr. Llewellin, or some one 

 else, proves conclusively either that Mr. Laverack did not know 

 what he was doing when he gave the pedigree of Pride to Mr. 

 Raymond as by Dash II. out. of Belle II. , or that they saw some 

 other dog serve Belle II.. from which service was born Pride 

 of the Border; and if Mr.' Laverack himself always mated his 

 dogs, as Mr. Llewellin says he did, and no one now living was 

 present when the mother of Pride of the Border was served, 

 and from which service Pride of the Border resulted, it will be 

 very difficult for any circumstantial evidence or mere assertion 

 to invalidate Mr. Laverack's statement, given to Mr. Ray- 

 mondj as to the actual she and dam. So much for the. point as 

 to which of two men's words is to be taken, and now let us look 

 for a few moments at the question of color. We know that 

 Pride of the Border was liver and white in his markings ; now 

 did he get this color by being the result of a direct outcross, 

 and, therefore, is the ' liver color in Pride a sign of his out- 

 breeding? or, in other words, is it necessary, in order to get 

 this color, that. Pride, should be proven to be the direct result 

 of an outcross j Mr. Llewellin would seem to indicate, very 

 strongly, if he does not say so very directly, that it is. Let us 

 admit, then, for the sake of the, argument* if for nothing else, 

 that this is the fact; and let us also admit that Mr. Laverack 

 did say that the color was due to a cross which had taken 

 place at some time with the Edmond Castle blood, although 

 the. phraseology of Mr. Laverack was, according to Mr. Robin- 

 son, that, it was due " to a reversion to such a cross." Liver 

 color then shows outbreeding, and Pride of the Border, being 

 of the baned color, is, therefore, outside of the line of pure 

 bloods. Having reached this conclusion, the time is come 

 to ask Mr. Llewellin or "Lunien," or any one else, for that 

 matter, who is interested in " showing up" the breeding of the 

 Laverack strain of setters, where Carlowitz and Victress get 

 their liver color? Carlowitz is by Pilkington's Dash out of 

 Countess; Pilkington's Dash is by Dash II. out of Lill; Lill is 

 by Rock out of Belle II. , the dam of Pride of the Border. 

 Countess is by Dash II. out of Moll HI., and is full sister to 

 Victress; Moil III., again, is by Fred I. out of Belle II. , the dam 

 of Pride of the Border, and Dash II. is by Sting, a brother of 

 Belle II. , out of Cora II. , who, in turn, is by Fred L , the sire of 

 Moll III., out of Cora I., an old Dash I. and Belle I. bitch. 

 Now, does Carlowitz get his liver color from his sire, Pilking- 

 ton's Dash, or from Countess? If from his sire, it may come 

 from Dash II. or from Lill; if from Dash II. , it may come from 

 Sting or from Cora II. ; if from Lill, it may come from Rock or 

 from Belle II. ; if from Rock, it may come from Fred I., the 

 sire of Moll in. and of Cora II., or from Cora II. , the mother 

 of Dash II. Belle II. and Sting are sister and brother; so, if 

 the liver in Carlowitz comes from the sire, it comes from both 

 sides; and if it comes from Countess we find it still comes from 

 both sides, since Belle II., sister of Sting, was the dam of Moll 

 III., the dam of Countess, and Fred I.' the sire of Moll III., 

 was also the she of Cora II. , the dam of Dash II., the she of 

 Countess. Victress is, of course, in the same boat, although, 

 in her case, being by Dash II. out of Moll III., it would serve, 

 to throw the onus of the liver color of Carlowitz, according to 

 the very generally accepted theory of hereditary descent, upon 

 Countess. 



We might add a strengthener to this side by bringing an- 

 other example in the shape of Adams' Rock, a liver and white 

 dog by Bruce out of Daisy. Bruce was by Dash II. out. of 

 Starter's old Phoebe, a.nd Daisy was full sister to Countess and 

 Victress. Now, where does this liver come from? Does it 

 opine from Rhrebe or from Dash II. or from Daisy? Wherever 

 it iiiav come from, it is very curious, if the color of Pride of 

 the Border is due to an outcross, and is sufficient to make him 

 outbred. that Carlowitz, Victress, Pride of the Border and 

 Rock should all strain in the. maternal line to Belle II. and all 

 be liver and white. Now, does Mr. Llewellin wish us to infer 

 that Carlowitz and Victress, as well as Pride of the Border, 

 are outbred; Is there any question in regard to their pedi- 

 grees? Are Lill and Countess and Daisy and Prince and Phan- 

 tom and Petrel all outbred? 



Mr. Llewellin says that he recognized at once that Pride 

 sored!, andTeavesus to infer that it was solely- on ac- 

 count of his color, and this despite Mr. Laverack's assertion 

 that Pride was "as pure bred as any." Now, in view of the 

 facts that he has kept to himself during all these years his 

 recognition of cross-breeding in Pride of the Border, and that 



he sent Carlowitz, a liver-colored animal, to America as a 

 pure bred Laverack, does he expect that we will accept his 



unbacked assertions, now first promulgated, that Pride was 

 a crossbred dog, and not believe that Carlowitz was a cross- 

 bred dog also, and hence not belie ye that Mr. Llewellin has 

 been acting in a fraudulent manner during this same period? 

 But if Carlowitz is orOSsbred, then all the Laveracks, without 

 a single exception, are crOssI ired animals. And this is undoubt- 

 edly true, just as every living thing is unquestionably cross- 

 bred: but we shall in ail probability have to look mucli further 

 back than Pride of the Border, and perhaps even than thirty 

 years, for that strain of Edmond (,'astle blood which Mr. Rob- 

 inson says was "then infused into Old Moll." So far as Mr. 

 Laverack's simple statement goes, it would carry the infusion 

 of Edmond Castle blood back to a time which would at least 

 cover his first appearance with his dogs at trials and shows. 

 Yet, even if we accept in full Mr. Laverack's statement that 

 the color is due to a reversion to the color of an animal used 

 in some past time to cross with, it is not necessary in order to 

 account for this color to maintain that the direct strain from 

 this outcross was ever kept up, since it is well known that 

 bitches that have once thrown pups colored outside of their 

 line will almost invariably again, regularly or irregularly, 

 throw similarly colored pups by any dog by whom they may 

 be served, so it is entirely possible' that Mr. Laverack may 

 have used a dog of the Edmond Castle strain with his bitches, 

 as he did dogs of other strains, and afterwards not have re- 

 tained a particle of this blood in his breed, and yet the color 

 of the dog used, front its peculiarity, might have so impressed 

 itself upon the bitches or bitch used, as to have remained, 

 cropping out in pups which were for the most part, if not 

 always, destroyed, and in such case the color would be truly 

 a reversion to a. strain which had been made use of years 

 before, and yet no actual outcross, as Mr. Laverack stoutly 

 maintained/have been perpetuated in the breed. It does not 

 appear possible, then, to single out as crossbred any one ani- 

 mal of the breed from the rest, and accordingly Piide of the 

 Border would be indeed as Mr. Laverack said, " as pure bred 

 as ariy/' and a pure bred Laverack setter, such as could claim 

 a place in the Laverack class at our bench shows, would be one 

 descended from the strain of setters produced by the care and 

 breeding knowledge of Mr. Laverack, without any particular 

 reference to whether there was or was not a cross in the line 

 twenty-five years ago, more or less. 



There must, then, be something far weightier than unsup- 

 ported statements, or hearsay evidence, or mistakes in kennel 

 registers, or forgetfulness or color to throw Pride of the 

 Border out of the" ranks of pure Laveracks. 



And it is equally cufficult to throw him out on the ground 

 that his get are better in the field than the get of other so- 

 called pure Laveracks. On such grounds we shah have, to de- 

 mand a rise and explanation why Count Wind'em is not as 

 successful in the stud as Llewellins Dash II. , or why Leicester 

 is not as good as Belton. or why Laverack's old Blue Prince 

 -was better than Bandit, a full brother, has shown himself to 

 be. Something besides out-breeding must account for these 

 tilings, else we shall hardly be willing to allow that Victress 

 can be a sister of Countess' and Nellie, and Carlowitz, a son of 

 Pilkington's Dash and Countess, Countess, so well known as a 

 "cracker," and Pilkington's Dash, also a magnificent worker 

 in the field. The truth appears to be that there are many con- 

 ditions and factors to be taken into consideration in the matter 

 of breeds and bleeding, and until careful and systematic 

 records are kept of the almost innumerable varying' phases in 

 the lives and circumstances of our domestic animals, we shah 

 not be able to arrive at any truthful and reliable results. But 

 when we do arrive at any "such results, we shall probably" find 

 that there, is a much simpler solution of the liver color in 

 Pride, of the Border, Carlowitz and Victress than to suppose 

 that they are outbed or "strain back," in the ordinary accep- 

 tation of the term, to any- infusion of Wood or color which 

 may have been introduced years ago. East. 



Editor Forest and Stream : 



I am pleased to see that the Forest and Stream office has 

 not suffered from the late fire among your near neighbors. I am 

 afraid you have been permitted to escape only to suffer later, 

 unless your publication of kennel matters is more accurate. 

 I refer to the article on Laverack pedigrees, which stated 

 that "none of the get of Pride of the Border show a trace of 

 liver." This is a serious mistake, as Charm showed nearly all 

 liver. Dais> T Dean was also liver- and -white. These were 

 from pure "Laverack bitches, and I know of a number of 

 others that were shed by him that are liver and white. 

 Charin also transmitted the color, as a full Utter by him, out of 

 Doll, were liver and white. This is none of inv quarrel, and I 

 only write to set the matter straight. 



I am very far from agreeing with "Jack" in his estimate of 

 the pointer as compared with the setter, as my experience 

 has been that the pointer could not begin to stand the hard, 

 rough work and bad weather that the setter could. I think it 

 absurd to say that as a class either has the best nose. Indi- 

 vidual dogs of Vjoth breeds will show a superior nose to others, 

 but as a rule I do not believe that pointers have any better 

 noses than setters and as a companion to have around you they 

 are not to be compared to them. John Davidson. 



Monroe, Mich, 



THE DACHSHUND. 



OUR, English correspondent has sent us copy of a letter on 

 this breed addressed to Mr. S E. Shirley, President of 

 the English Kennel Club, by the President of the German 

 Dachshund Club in reference to the different standards set up 

 in the two countries by which it is proposed this game breed 

 of earth-goers should be judged; and also copies of these stand- 

 ards, which we reproduce below. We feel certain that all 

 American sportsmen, and especially those who appreciate this 

 purely German terrier, will see the full significance of the coni- 

 mmiications. 



It is clear to us that if this breed is to take root in American 

 soil we must go to Germany and not to England for the sires 

 and dams that are to found our stock. The English stamp of 

 dog maybe equally useful, but as we mn-i ;i .| „',. ..... Cmia.u, 



to know best the points of their native races of dogs, we think 

 the name .Dachshund should be restricted to dogs of the genu- 

 ine, breed, and we would suggest that those according 'with 

 the standard of the Dachshund Club of England might prop- 

 erly be termed badger-hounds, as they approach nearer in con- 

 formation to the blood-hound type than the. terrier character 

 insisted on by German breeders' and sportsmen. 



The f oho wing, which we copy from Dalziel's "British 

 Dogs," is 



THE GERMAN DACHSHUND STANDARD. 



1. General Appearance— Low and very long in structure, 

 the forepart, not only the chest, especially well developed, 

 legs very short, the Core legs turned inward at the knees, but 

 the feet considerably bent out. The whole appearance is 

 weasel-like, the tail is moderately bent, and is carried very 

 little above a horizontal fine, or else downward. Hair close, 

 short, smooth. Expression intelligent, attentive and lively. 



3, Head— Somewhat long, tapering toward the. nose, wedge- 

 like, broadest at the hind part of the' skull, and without a stop; 

 skull broad, almost flat; nose, narrow, straight, sometimes a 

 little upward-bent; lips very little hanging, forming a small 

 fold at the cornet- of the mouth. 



3. Ears of medium length, tolerably broad, and rounded at 

 the end, which is less broad than other part. The ear is placed 

 high up and well backward, so that the space, between ear and 

 eye appears considerably larger than with other hxinting 

 dogs. The ears are not wrinkled, but hang down close at the 

 cheeks. 



4. The eye is of medium, size, round, neither protruding nor 



sunken in (klar, vorliegend, i. e,, well visible when seen from 

 the side), and very sharp in expression. 



5. Neck— Long, flexible, broad, and strong; the skin some- 

 what loose in front, 



6. Back— Very long, slanting towards the tail; loins well de- 

 veloped, 



7. Breast— Broad, framework of ribs long and deep, the 

 flanks drawn in. 



8. Tail — of medium length, strong at the roo and tapering 

 to a thin eud; almost straight, and carried as said above. 



9. Forelegs— Muscles stronger than at the hind feet; the 

 shouldei"s very muscular, upper arm short and strong, bending 

 outward; the knees bent inward, the feet again "outward, 

 The legs seen in the profile must appear straight, not hanging 

 over in the knees. 



10. Hind-legs — Straighter than with other dogs, seen from 

 behind almost straight: the quarters have muscles well visible, 

 almost pointing out (eitrig), the bone from hock to pastern 

 very short. 



11. Feet — The feet of the fore-legs are more muscular than 

 those of the hind-legs, the toes well closed, with nails strongly 

 curved and black; the. sole of the foot is broad and thick. The 

 toes of the hind-legs are shorter and straighter, the foot also 

 smaller. 



12. Hair — Short, close, and glossy, not soft, but resisting to 

 the touch (mit stechender spitze) when stroking it; very fine 

 and close at the ears, coarser and longer at the lower side of 

 the tail, but here also lying close to the skin. On the belly the 

 hair is a little, coarser, and the skin well covered, 



13. Color— Black, with tan at head, breast, front of neck, 

 belly, legs, and under the tail ; also dark brown, golden brown, 

 naif, gray with darker stripe on the back; as also ash gray, 

 silver gray with dark patches (tigerdachs). The darker colors 

 are mostly- united with tan markings; with lighter colors the 

 nails ought also to be black, and the eye always dark. Any 

 white is only- to be endured as a small mark at the chest. 



14. Teeth— Upper and lower teeth meet exactly; in propor- 

 tion to the jaws they are stronger than wdth any' other breed, 

 especially the corner teeth. 



As faulty are considered dogs who have a compressed or 

 conical head; the muzzle too short, too broad, or with a stop 

 at forehead; when the lips are hanging: the. ears folded, or not 

 hanging close; when the fore-legs are so crooked that the 

 knees touch each other, or are unable to bear the -weight of 

 the body; when the neck is thin and the breast too narrow; 

 when the fore-feet are too much, or irregularly turned out- 

 ward, when the knee-joint is weak and the toes spread out, 

 also when the bone from the back downward is too long and 

 the hocks too close together. The tail is bad if it is crooked or 

 has long hair sticking out. Any white as principal color is 

 also faulty. 



The standard as settled by the English Dachshund Club. 

 November, 1881, is as follows: 



Head and Skull (12).— Long, level, and narrow: peak well 

 developed; no stop; eyes intelligent, and somewhat small; fol- 

 low body in color. 



Ears ((%).— Long, broad, and soft; set on low and well back \ 

 carried close to the head. 



Jaw (5).— Strong, level, and square to the muzzle; canines 

 recurvent. 



Chest (7).— Deep, and narrow; breast bone prominent. 



Legs and Feet (20). — Fore-legs very short and strong in bone. 

 well crooked, not standing over; elbows well clothed wit i 

 muscle, neither in nor out; feet large, round and strong, wit i 

 thick pads and strong nails. Hind legs smaller in bone an 1 

 higher, hind feet smaller. The dog mnst stand true, i. \ 

 equally on all parts of the foot. 



Skin and Coat (13).— Skin thick, loose, supple, and in grea 

 quantity- ; coat dense, short and strong. 



Loin (8). — Well arched, long, and rnuscidar. 



Stem (5). — Long and strong, flat at root, tapering to the tip; 

 hair on under side coarse; carried low except when excited. 

 Quarters very muscular. 



Body (8}^).— Length from back to head to root of stern two 

 and a half the height at shoulder. Fore-ribs well sprung, hack 

 ribs veiy short. 



Color (4). — Any color, nose to follow body color; much white 

 objectionable. 



Symmetry and Quality (1 1). — The Dachshund should be long, 

 low and graceful, not cloddy. Total 100 points. AVeight: Dogs 

 about 211b, bitches about 181b. 



The followingis the letter referred to: 



"My Dear Sir — Would you, as honorary member of our club, 

 kindly grant us the following favor? 



"From the description of sor 



the 'Dachshund Standard,' lat 

 12th of November by the Engl 

 help noting that the "points did 

 German standard fixed upon I 

 the Hanover show- in 18TB, 



"Your countrymen have giv 

 of Dachshund, thereby ackno 

 In consideration of this fact, w 

 were you to judge your Dach 

 points' as is in vogue in their i 

 would, we fear, only lead 



: prize Daehshunde, and from 

 published in the Field of the 

 Dachshund Club, we cannot 

 essentially from those of the. 

 mv own competent judges at 



this breed the German name 

 •dgiug the. German descent. 

 eel that it. would be only just 

 tnde by- the same standard of 

 ive country. Not doing this 

 ay misunderstandings, to the 

 detriment of the breed When judging English dogs, or dogs 

 of English breed, in Germany, if is done on the English 

 standard, and, when possible, by English judges. It would 

 therefore seem to us not an unreasonable request, so ask that 

 a similar principle be followed in England with German 

 breeds. 



"The Dachshund points lately published in the Field are not 

 those of a German Dachshund, but of the French Basset. 



"The German Dachshund is no hoimd, but a terrier. It is 

 apparent from the points given that om- light dog of five to 

 seven kilogrammes (91b. to 131b. English, about), so much 

 prized by us, is either quite unknown or not approved of. Our 

 club has therefore decided to have a model of a Dachshund 

 made, together with description and drawing specifying the, 

 standard points fixed upon in Hanover. 



"These points have been described by an Englishman (Mr. 

 Hugh Dalziel, in his 'British Dogs'). We shall have the. pleasure 

 to send you one of these models, when finished, and hope that 

 you will do your best to have these points also adopted in 

 England, and leave your present Dachshund points for the 

 Bassets, for w-hicli breed they do well enough. 



"You woidd oblige us by having this letter published in the 

 Kennel Gazette, with our "full signature, and, if your views 

 agree with ours, we would feel exceedingly- obliged by y-our 

 also addressing a few lines to the Kennel Gazette on this 

 subject. "The President, Fink. 



"The Dachshund Club, Berlin. Dec 8. 1881." 



GORDON, OR BLACK AND TAN SETTERS. 



Editor Forest and Stream : 



I was very much pleased to see in y-our issue of the 9th, the 

 letter of Mr. W. Sergeantson which appeared in the London 

 Field. And it is with the hope that it will prove of use. to 

 breeders of Gordon setters in this country that I again caU at 

 tention to it. 



I offer the following questions to your readers, the answer- 

 ing of w-hich will, I have no doubt, be of great use in 

 the black and tan, or Gordon setter, back again to his farmer 

 high place as a field dog. For myself, I have tried for several 

 years and have been parti}- successful in getting a fairly good 

 dog, but would like to hear others on the subject. 



1st. Is it necessary- that a. Gordon setter should be a heavily 

 btult dog ? 



2d. What advantages are to be gained by breeding thus J 



3d. Are the Gordon setters of to-day as good in the field as 

 | when a little white was allowed in the chest or feet ? 



