84 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Maucu •?. 1882 



[flgs are laden , idolizes the wonderful works of the Creator, 

 whether it he the birds as they pour Forth their songs of sum 

 'm i jn,, ot the golden buttercups and purple pansics that 

 patch the hillside?. 



The hills that stretch away in lines of undulating beauty, 

 tilts neu born day tipping the mountain top, the clouds with 

 their ever varying shapes, the (rout streams dancing and 

 sparkling, leaping and tumbling over moss-green boulders, 

 coursing over pebbly beds, the placid lake cowering snugly 

 under the black and blue hills are mines of pure delight to 

 him who loves the swaying rod. 



When the mosquitoes sound their trump of menace and de- 

 fiance and commence to bore away with all the enthusiasm 

 of their forefathers, he employs no unparliamentary language 

 to express his disapprobation of their infernal heniousuess, 

 but, childlike and bland, he puts on another coat of oil and 

 tar, greets them with a smile, submits to their visits with 

 Christian resignation, and smashes them with a laugh 



MlLLABD. 



A New Map of Northern Maine.— Mr. Thomas Sedg- 

 wick Steele, author of "Canoe and Camera" and other works, 

 has just compiled one of the most satisfactory maps of the 

 great canoe tours of Northern Maine yet published. This 

 chart is 20x80 inches, printed on Government Survey paper, 

 mounted on cloth, and is an invaluable aid to the sportsman 

 tourist in these wild regions — in fact, to such an individual 

 it is a most necessary adjunct to the economy of his camp 

 kit. From the extreme lower portion of the map covered by 

 Moosehead Laic diverge the great rivers of this vast wilder- 

 ness, the Main St. John, Aroostook and east and west 

 branches of the Penobscot, while a portion of Canada on the 

 north and New Brunswick on the east is embraced within 

 its boundaries. Great care has been exercised in noting 

 many points along these routes, which, although of the 

 greatest importance to the canoeist, are seldom brought 

 within the scope of the ordinary map. Along the Main St. 

 John every log house and portage seems to be conscientiously 

 indicated, while the many falls of the picturesque East 

 Branch are noted, to the advantage and caution of the voy- 

 ageur of these waters. After leaving the farms at Chesuu- 

 cook and Chamberlin Lake the tourist to the Aroostook pad- 

 dles about two hundred miles through the wilderness before 

 reaching a sign of civilization, the. first house being that of 

 Philip Painter, while the second habitation, one mile further 

 on, is that of William Botting, situated on the right bank, at 

 a bend of the Aroostook River, called the Oxbow. Innu- 

 merable lakes and ponds are spread out before one on this 

 chart like shot holes in a target. These and many other 

 points of interest recommend this new survey of Mr. Steele 

 to the camper-out in the wilds of Maine. The map is pub- 

 lished by Estes & Lauriat, of Boston, and is mailed, post- 

 paid for srt per copy. . __ 



Doas and PwUlkoad CuARctES.— We received a call last 

 week from Mr. Geo. G. Barker of Boston, Mass., who has just 

 returned from a shooting trip South. He was accompanied by 

 champion Princess, who is looking finer than we ever saw her 

 appear before. Mr. Barker was the guest of Mr. Chas. S. Pow- 

 ell, of Smiihlield, N. C, and reports a capital time, with birds 

 fairly plenty. He is very enthusiastic in praise of the whole- 

 souled hospitality that was extended to him, but complains bit- 

 terly of the extortionatedemands of the railroad employes for 

 the transportation of dogs. It is very singular that so intelligent 

 and wide-awake a class of men as railroad Officials are, should 

 pursue the short-sighted policy that seems to obtain upon 

 many of the Southern roads of charging sportsmen such ex- 

 orbitant rates for carrying their dogs. They certainly lose 

 dollars Where they gain cents, for such treatment is soon 

 noised abroad, and would-be patrons seek some other route. 

 We trust that the time is not far distant when all railroads 

 wifl adopt a uniform rate for dog fares that will be more 

 commensurate with the services rendered, than the greedy 

 demands of many of these harpies of the rail, who now have 

 full control of the matter. 



A New Cum House.— An association of New York 

 gentlemen is now being formed for the purpose of securing a 

 large tract of land in Pike county. Pennsylvania, and build- 

 ing there a summer club house. The location is four miles 

 from Pine Grove, on the Erie Railway, and 115 miles from 

 this rily. The land comprises, we understand, about two 

 thousand acres, with several ponds— Creely, Wolf, Tink and 

 Weskaline — which afford good bass and pickerel fishing. It 

 is proposed to build a large club house with cottages sufficient 

 for the accommodation of the members and their families. 

 The location is said to lie pleasant; and healthful. The asso- 

 ciation has been organized by prominent professional and 

 business ne ,11 of this city. The membership will be limited 

 10 one hundred. 



Tut: w eui.-icxown firm of S. M. PeftengilJ & Co., adver- 

 tising ag?nls, who3'; establishment was totally destroyed in 

 th'J hue Park Row lire, have opened a new office at No. 263 

 Broadway. 



EASY READING LESSON S-1V. 



FOB the iarr;.n READERS of Tins forest and stream. 



Did you ever, my Dear Children, see a Dmnphod] '. There is 



one iu that Sail- Rout. He is writing his Name, and that of his 



Uirl, with a Big, Blue Pcrieil, on the New Sail. How pretty it 



looks, on bhe Nice, White Canvas! What will the Skipper 



i i 1 1 esit? He will say"* * * * ! ! ! 



* * * ; ! ; i !" 



W u J§portett(m ^onriit 



A SONNET. 

 T SAW him oft. a man of quiet mood, 

 -*- Who loved to haunt the margin of the stream. 



There on a log, silent, as if a dream 

 Of beauty held him bound, near stream and wood 



tie patient sat for hours. Some time his look 

 Followed the flight of crane or water-bird: 

 Some time he listened to the wind which stirred 



The forest trees, and their high branches shook. 



How often, wearied with the babbling crew 



Of men who throng the village streets and ways, 

 Tired of contentions that amount to naught. 



Doth my soul sigh to dwell beside the blue 



Of mountain streams, to spend the happy days 



Near waving woods that lead to quiet thought. 

 Gainesville. Ark. J. E. R. 



OTTAWA AND ST, MAURICE RIVERS. 



BY OHAKTiiffi T.ANM.VS. 



THE rivers of Canada have a habit of being so exceedingly 

 interesting thai the pen which undertakes to describe 

 their charms is constantly tempted to place the last one men- 

 tioned in advance of all its fellows. Nor is this dilemma 

 lessened in the case of the rival streams of Ontario and Que- 

 bec, which I now propose briefly to describe. 



The first fact that has attracted my attention about the 

 Ottawa is that, while at its mouth, we find one of the oldest 

 and handsomest cities on the continent, and in its lower valley 

 the seat of Government of the Dominion, we are, at the same 

 time, without any satisfactory information as to where is 

 located its fountain head, or what is I he precise character of 

 the country of which it is the offspring. 



About midway between Lake Huron and Hudson's Bay 

 there is a lake called Tcmiscaming. It is thirty miles long 

 by fifteen wide, and receives the surplus waters of a chain of 

 lakes which extends for several hundred miles. If has many 

 smaller tributaries, all of which flow out of an unexplored 

 and desolate wilderness. Upon this lake there is only one 

 human habitation — one of the posts of (he Hudson's Bay Com- 

 pany — and out of which flow the waters of the Ottawa river, 

 which, after running a course of 500 miles iu a southeasterly 

 direction, empties into the St. Lawrence, wilh which it clasps 

 hands, as it were, when the twain lovingly encircle the Island 

 of Montreal. About midway between the parent lake and 

 the mouth of the great river there is a small st ream called the 

 Matawan, which connects it with Lake Nipissing, and it is 

 within a distance of about fifty miles from this spot that the 

 navigation of the river by a chain of steamboats comes to an 

 end. To that point it 'is possible for the tourist to go with 

 comparative ease; but beyond it none ever venture excepting 

 the hardy hunters anil trappers who collect peltries for the 

 Hudson's Bay Company. My visit to the Ottawa was for the 

 purpose of enjoying the scenery and the pleasures of its bass 

 fishing, when my companion was the distinguished Canadian, 

 Harrison Stephens, with whom it was also my privilege to 

 fish for salmon in the Jacques Carficr; and I now invite my 

 reader to join me iu a flying passage from (lie St. Lawrence 

 to the great wilderness of the north. 



At first the immediate banks of the river are generally low; 

 but from St. Anne to Carillon, a distance of twenty'-seven 

 miles, they are somewhat higher, excepting at Grcnville, be- 

 tween which two places there is a canal, to overcome the 

 Carillon, Blondeau and Long Sault Rapids, and in which 

 vicinity arc the pretty villages of St. Andrews and La Chute. 

 Twelve miles further on we come to Grenville, -where the 

 land becomes hilly and the shores rise abruptly from the 

 water. From a point a few miles below this village the 

 Ottawa becomes the boundary between the Provinces of 

 Ontario and Quebec, and directly opposite the place are 

 located the first of the great lumber establishments 'which 

 have been the means of developing the fores! wealth of the 

 Ottawa valley. In the three mills here located they worked, 

 in 1880, 111 saws, employed 160 men and used tip 1,500 logs 

 in every twenty-four hours. As these mills are only speci- 

 mens of many others found scattered along the great valley, 

 the reader may begin to realize the extent of the lumber bus- 

 iness in Canada, and will perceive that her great army of 

 hardy lumbermen, three-fourths of whom arc Frenchmen, 

 are successful competitors with those of New Brunswick and 

 of Maine, Wisconsin and Minnesota. With the coming on of 

 winter, when other p lople are thinking more of pleasure and 

 comfort, their toil begins. It is then they go forth to cut 

 down the great white and red pines, draw them over the snow 

 by oxen to the frozen rivers, where they remain until spring. 

 when they are floated down in rafts, so that by the mouth of 

 May the rivers are a wilderness of timber and logs. The 

 raffs into which they are formed arc of great extent, and the 

 Stalwart men who manage them have to be well fortified with 

 courage and strength, as well as rare sagacity'. While the 

 logs hold together all is well; but, when passing over the 

 rapids, they often separate, and then woe betide the unhappy 

 men who are upon them, unless good fortune and the rarest 

 skill come to their rescue. When the logs become wedged at 

 the top of a rapid so as to cause what they call a jam, it be- 

 comes necessary to cut away the key-like logs with axes. 

 This is always a very dangerous thing to do. and none but 

 the bravest 'among" the lumbermen ever attempt, the task. 

 When successful, many of the great logs break to pieces like 

 common sticks; and then thousands of them, free from all 

 restraint, go plunging down the rapids or the falls iu dire 

 confusion, rendering all the coolness and activity of the lum- 

 bermen to escape of no avail. Many of the graves which lie 

 scattered along the banks of the Ottawa arc the sad memorials 

 of men who have thus lo^t their lives. 



As we continue up the river the route lies through a dense- 

 ly wooded country as primitive in appearance as when the 

 Jesuit missionaries and fur traders first voyaged up the river 

 in their canoes: the current is gentle and the scenery diversi- 

 fied by numerous islands, the foliage- of whose trees often 

 rests upon the waters, and by occasional glimpses of human 

 habitations, Then come the nourishing villages of Thurso 

 and of Buckingham, the last of w hich is on t he f liver du Lievre, 

 and a most picturesque place because of its beautiful water- 

 falls which are forty and seventy feet high; and a canoe 

 voyage from this place up the River du Lievre will not only 

 afford views of very charming seencry, but bring the tourist 

 to the High Palls of the river, which measure about one hun- 

 dred feet and are sometimes very grand and imposing, and 

 also to a lovely lake and a romantic cave. 



Just below the city of Ottawa a river called the Gatineau 

 empties into the river Ottawa from the east, and which is its 

 most -important tributary, It is itself three hundred and 



fifty miles long, has some interesting falls, but widens into 

 many beautiful lakes, all in a wilderness without habitations. 

 And now we are in the capital of the Canadian Dominion, 

 and a town of many novelties, the story of whose foundation 

 is as follows: Late in the last century a man named Ruggles 

 Wright from Massachusetts obtained a tract of land at " this 

 point, lying on both sides of the river, and deciding that; the 

 south side was unfit for settlement, fixed upon what is now 

 called Hull as the site of a village and the centre of a lumber- 

 ing population. In process of time, having to settle with one 

 of his teamsters named Sparks for a trifling debt, he pre- 

 vailed on the man to take, with some merchandise as part 

 payment, the hills of the northern side of the Ottowa. throw- 

 ing, in a yoke Of oxefl besides. Tears afterward, when the 

 scheme was inaugurated for building the Rtfleao Canal, one 

 day in 1823, Sparks was surprised to sec a crowd of officers 

 and soldiers in the act of taking possession of his sandy bluffs. 

 They were under the command of a man named. By, and 

 wanted the property for the British Crown. The work, of a 

 military character, which these men had in hand, began by 

 the building of shops and shanties on either side of the hills; 

 finally a bridge was thrown across the fall connecting Hull or 

 Wrightstown with Bytown, and as the latter prospered the 

 former remained stationary. Money flowed into the packet 

 of the owner, he sold lots and became wealthy, and the long 

 despised hills were eventually decided upon by the Queen as 

 the site of the Canadian capital. 



The city is divided into three sections, the upper, central 

 and lower town, and like Quebec, chiefly occupies a lofty 

 plateau, and is the centre of a brotherhood of waterfalls, the 

 most imposing one being called Chaudiere. as if in opposition 

 to the famous cataract near Quebec. The advantages of its 

 position are remarkable and the surrounding scenery exceed- 

 ingly interesting. The streets are broad, the houses plain 

 but substantial, the churches fine and the government build 

 ings designed upon a decidedly imposing scale. They are 

 located in the midst of a garden and lawn of thirty acres, 

 two hundred feet above the bed of the river, are built of the 

 cream-colored Pottsdam stone, and have a tower one hun- 

 dred and eighty feet high, and contain a number of statues 

 of the Queen and several of her children. The location of 

 the city is certainly very picturesque and romantic, but the 

 aristocracy of the place" is very depressing to a man with the 

 independent proclivities of a Yankee. 



The Chaudiere. Falls are located at the western extremity 

 of the city, which is itself on the south side of the river 

 Ottawa, and by some enthusiasts have been compared with 

 those of Niagara. They are forty feet high and two hun- 

 dred wide, and the depth of the great pool below is supposed 

 to be about three hundred feet, it is supposed that there are 

 subterranean currents which convey the immense mass of 

 waters beneath the river, for at a spot half a mile down the 

 river the waters have a boiling appearance, and as they are 

 never frozen, some brilliant man has named it the Kettles. 

 Immediately below this locality the river is spanned by a 

 suspension bridge, from whielf most admirable views arc ob- 

 tained. At the northeast part If the city there tire two other 

 falls, over which the waters of the Rideau Ri ver pour with 

 great impetuosity into the Ottawa; and although inferior to 

 the Chaudiere in point of grandeur, they have attractions of 

 their own. Taking' all this rough and tumble scenery to 

 gether, it is full of beauty — wild, fascinating and romantic. 

 But this brotherhood of mammoth waterfalls and this frontier 

 seat of government are not the only features which will im- 

 press the tourist ih 'these parts, for he will look with equal 

 amazement upon the limber slides, through which the treas- 

 ures of the adjacent forest are brought to market. These 

 slides were invented by Buggies Wright, and have been emi- 

 nently successful. For accomplishing their purpose a por- 

 tion of the river is dammed oil anil turned into abroad 

 channel, down which the waters of the Ottawa rush with 

 fearful rapidity. The head of the slide is perhaps three hun- 

 dred-yards above the falls and extends down the stream for 

 nearly a mile. At certain intervals the waters iuv so ar- 

 ranged as to slop for a time the impetuosity of the descending 

 rafts, when they move as on a gently flowing river; but soon 

 coming to another pitch, down they go again with all the 

 fury of the tumbling and roaring waters; and after a num- 

 ber" of such fearful escapades the rafts of logs and timber 

 finally reach the quiet water bed below the falls, and are 

 soon "sent off to the mills or markets where I hey belong. 

 But wonderful as arc the movements of these rafts, the fact 

 is still more wonderful that there should be found a race of 

 men who have the daring to pilot or navigate them over Ihe 

 foaming waters. It is not often that such scenes are wit- 

 nessed within almost a stone's throw of any kind of Parlia- 

 ment, and we may naturally suppose that the perpetual roar- 

 ing of Chaudiere would have a tendency to subtitle the voice, 

 as well as the political passions of the average provincial 

 orator. When the Dominion of Canada shall have become 

 one of the States of the Republic, it might be a good idea to 

 remove the seat of its government to Ottawa instead of St. 

 Louis, if for no other purpose than to have something On 

 hand that can silence the wild and noisy haraugucs of our 

 Congressmen. 



Between the city of Ottawa and the Matawan, alreadj 

 mentioned, the great river presents a succession of lakes, 

 rapids and islands which combine to form a panorama Of 

 extraordinary beauty and grandeur; but all that can be dent- 

 in this paper is to give the names of the inore prominent at- 

 tractions, as follows: The Falls of the Little Chaudiere, the 

 Rapids of Bernoux and DoOheine, and Lac de Clieine, which 

 is navigable for large vessels: and then come the d I tial 

 cascades, which are" broken by many islands and resemble 

 the Lake of the Thousand Islands; the Lac de Chats, the du 

 Fort Rapids, the Calumet Falls and the island of Grand 

 Calumet. Throughout the whole of tins region the forests 

 and hills seem to he without bounds. Where cultivation has 

 been attempted the soil has proven to be fertile, and where 

 proper researches have been made minerals have been found 

 of many varieties and of great value. But as we proceed 

 further up the river we rind even greater attract inns, if that 

 were possible, as the islands of Alumctte and IIawlc\ , th- 

 ink es zi Alumeff: and the gleemy grandeur :.:(' Dead River 

 where the hills rise to the height of six hundred feet or more, 

 directly from the deep waters, and the scenery resembles thai 

 of the Saguenay. 



The forest wealth of the Ottawa valley is indeed marvelous. 

 Its area is about one hundred thousand square miles, while 

 that of the entire lumber region of Canada is not more than 

 three hundred thousand square miles. It is divided into 

 three grand sections, known by the names of the Red Fine 

 Country, the White Pine Country and the Hard Wood 

 Country; and the rivers not yet: mentioned which water this 

 magnificent domain are the Madawaska, il . 

 the Coidonge, the Petewawa, the Black, the Du Moine and 

 the Gatineau, 



