April d, 1882.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



198 



STELLA MARIS CANOE. 



IJiuliUng m\d ^mtocinq. 



MEASUREMENT. 



Edili, 



The 



and i' 



bftrt 



is one of those which "will not down;'' 

 gly clear and convincing arguments in 

 ISiVdrol cubical contents, i. <■'. actual .size, have not borne such fruit 

 us they ouK'ir to have dune in and aboul New York, despite their hav- 

 ing '"•en stated with :i clearness which would make I hem easy Ot 

 Emprebensiou iiviidiilil vet I hav.: no doubt whulcwr that success 

 Ml eventually crown your "efforis. There is not the slightest reason 

 ft believe thai yon have not Ijwn understood, or Unit I he great body 

 K-yaon.t8men.-wno do not allow the Ignorant and prejudiced to do 

 Kbit thinking: for them, do not in their hearts acknowledge, tliat the 



doubt 



powerful influ- 

 The cutter a 

 competitors, so 



he NewY.nl. yacht Ohio bo sail a repre- 

 gains! her, under their oVn rules, and then 

 we shall see what we shall see. 



Now let measkt] pponents of the cutter wherein has the long, 



deep, narrow vacht any advantage, except in point of merits She 

 gas the disadvantage of greater friction than the oentreboar.der, be- 

 Bujsg alargapart of theoulli of the latter is not brought into use. 

 ■Kept When it is of service. She carries less canvas than does her 

 .Wide and shallow competitor; there she ought to be the slower craft 

 RM> Mi.i t-ntn 'Phot oi^rt ;.- ,./}i -that she eau sail faster on everv point of 



ople as in any p lople under the sun, f ca 



80 strongly. 







. of double lie 







or no hope < 







the very net 







ures to prev 







.those who o 







fives which 





pit ■ 



- lteW clubs W 



hi 



■h : 



tonner whii 



i 



1 is 



will doubtli 



SS 



eh 



mutative oi 



ie 



r 



Ilavin 

 strong ii 



ii-t com 

 terests v 



ay, and that fair play will be givi 



:ed i 



rigs and all models. 



s r. ,,f the writers win. uphold the !!onrb.,n vagaries profess ti 



entertain the Ivlief that the centreboard sloops which Madge s. 



,a!l 



ham! 



the time allowance to wnich i„ rinf 

 beat her in the hghl winds of the sun 

 ties match sloops of hor own size agi 

 for a series of races, to be sailed mi. 

 outside of Sandy ib.ok- t venture t. 

 their cash and reputation in any.su 



dge 

 ecessity for drawing upon 



■loritv in size entitled her. will 

 iiTse.ison. Would these par- 

 nsr the famous Scotch cutter 

 •r N.-.v York Yacht Club rules, 

 say that they would not risk 

 lway. Why. then, make such 

 an exhibition of misplaced spre ul-cagleism. and why so stoutly up- 

 hold crafts which are fast only in light airs of wind and in narrow, 

 confined waters? 



You have, however, been successful in your crusade in favor of 

 Jead ballast and double head rig. Keep on. and victory will eventually 

 crown your efforts. Port Tack. 



Ukllkvillk. Onf. 



THE FIRST YAWL. 



at last got the bans of it, and was soon able to invite Mr. Yale to take 

 a cruise to Angel Island with me. 

 The behavior of the little craft under short sail in a sea and weather 



thai brought lite big fellows to mainsail and jib settled the question 

 with us as to the de-irability of the yawl rig in these waters. Did I 



article on -cruising in a onc-tonner," I would give v. hi some of the 



I'etr-d-s wanderings. 



In 1869, W. ,1. Stone, the builder of the Petrel, and many other good 

 boats, built me the yawl Sweetheart, modeling her from my drawings. 

 She was lHft. (Jin. water line. 3gft. Oil., over all; Tft. (iin. beam, and 

 divw between eighteen and twenty inches, without board; her cabin 

 whieh was lighted by a skylight, the first one used in a yacbt here, 

 was nine feel long, and had $n one side near the companion a galley 



fornn-d; on .it her side were lockers for clothes; forward were lockers 



the galley was a bookcase stored with books, which when the anchor 

 was down and tongues tired of wagging were in great demand. The 

 Sweetheart, was several tons smaller than the Great Eastern, it is 

 true, still I think she may fairly claim to have had a cabin; and to be 

 the first, cabin yawl in the Bay or San Francisco. 



Your correspondent's remarks in regard to the yawl Frolic are, I 

 think, perfectly correct, but there are one or two curious items in re- 

 gard to her. She is the most indefatigable sailer in the Heel, but there 

 is this curious anomaly, she is a centerboard yawl, owned, built for 

 and sailed hy one of the stuunchest keel cutter men in the country; 

 and though of course he won't admit it she would not have logged one 

 third of the number of miles she has to her credit had ehe been a keel 

 boat, for there was not water enough in half the places she won! to lo 

 lloat u craft of her size, hampered wi.h a keel. She is. too. a standing 

 rebuke to those who say a centerboard boat can not be seaworthy, 

 for no craft of her size, his been out in more dusty weather, or acquit- 

 ted herself better. She might be handsomer. I suppose, but I doubt 

 if a more comfortable and perfectly reliable craft of her size ever Hew 

 a Hag. 



I forgot to say that on both Petrel and Sweetheart the mainsail and 

 driver were leg of mutton, as both were intended to be and were 

 handled in all weathers by one person, therefore all complications 

 aloft wen- rigidly excluded. The Petrel was never reefed, and the. 

 Sweetheart but once while rigged as a yawl, the occasion being a 

 blow that compelled a sloop of twice her length to anchor under 

 Angel Island for shelter for three hours, as her captain did not dare to 

 venture across, having several lad es aboard. For my part, I can see 

 no reason why a yaw) may not be sparred for light winds, if to be 

 used were they prevail, and yet retain her advantages of easy handl- 

 ing and rapid reduction of sail: and no rig yet devised presents a 

 tithe of its advantages for single-handed cruising. 



Will Brooks, 

 Canoeing Editor San Francisco Olympian. 



Kdilor Forest anct Stream : 



In your recent article about the James the date was wrong. The 

 pilot I bought her from was named McKibbon. I purchased the boat 

 between 1852 and is;, l. and he had used her in his business for Borne 

 time pre* iously. and had built another on the same plan, but 18 feet 

 long, with sharper and liner ends, which suited his purposes better, 

 and had discarded the James. I am under the impression that boats 

 with jiggers, an. I rigged pretty much like the James, have been in use 

 among the pilots at Rensacola, Fla., for many years, but I never 

 saw anv of them, as I have never been to that place. It is certainly a 

 very handy rig and a safe one. Morton Tooi.min. 



n ealled (1 believe that is the customary 

 ■ pip. i .,f date of March !>, in which my 

 lurkind Indulgence while 1 endeavor to 

 to Which your correspondent hasfallPn. 

 B Van I in Mneriea.- purports to give the 

 lea, and states thai the honor of owning 

 . liar 



name is mentioned, 

 correct one or two errors Into which < 

 She article in question, ' The Yawl in 

 history Of the yawl in America, and St 

 and sailing tin- tit's! yawl ouill in Ame 

 Who used one built here , 



imported by < ' II. in 1810 beon used. 



lirst yawl in America, i have in n 



■ . ooiiey, long 



BMB." The Phantom was a yawl, 32ft 

 Ut.d with Hush dock running to a bi 

 doors and companion slide, making , 

 built in lloslou and run along the 

 cruiser from U34T>to ISI'.toi lAta At 

 was made lie Phantom, with a pari 

 Moody, captain and owner. ,i hen ah 

 *Fitz Henry Lee. and Benjamin Cfbaim 

 of hers. The honor, therefore, beloi 

 can go ha, ; •■! r. 

 The Phantom was a keel boat, and I think the < 



by him. there being no -in her centerboard 



tfinri himself. The rig was the same as the El 



THE STELLA MARIS. 



"VTOT long ago we published information Concerning this new type of 

 _L> canoe. This week we present an illustration of on, Of her class 

 built by Mr. Rushton, of Canton. There is a ceaseless searching 

 among men ,.,f tie- paddl- after the best combination of qualities in a 



and take with nature hi the struggle to combine opp ' 

 such proportions thai the best "all round" yachts mav 

 The canoe of general goo I qualities, which shall not p"„ 

 liciilnrntlrihute to I he exclusion ,,I some ol her of equal 



is a type which naturally appeals to a vrery large aectlc 



Whin"- the canoeist ot the seaboard or along the Shore 



...luced. 



id had the 



18 years oldi.fohn Foster, 

 , was on one of these jaunts 

 to Moody, unless someone 



tobi 



!eadyupc " 



nt fn 



•r. His must bea light little flyer 

 what she can sail. She must have 

 ady and to carry a load undagood 

 reduced draft and still not drive 

 ,ng bm not heavy; a good enough 

 make her hard on the paddle. She 



way. \\ bile I 

 Speaking, a "t 



rank lir-i am 

 was built in G 

 Chimera, lift. 

 Thisvaehl wai 

 gjn harbor wl 

 for ibis place, 

 upon II, e pie. 



her afterward 



The sloop I 



similar fate; 



abandon her at Sau < :ar 



with one man 



mate, man or Chel 



in the form of a blessing 



being beaten in two da\ 



The Petrel meuti 



bought of M i [ray Shi 

 as a periauger, and a st: 

 used her some time w 

 "Cruis. Alone tn the Va 



30 pru Bail, and 

 inning the same 



was not. strictly 



,- extra Jv unw 



■ , -eie.i the safety 

 one, I her. Nothing. 1 belli 



Smith, Of Mvstic, had a l 

 plain Of the 'ship she w; 



-. a yacht ealled the 

 with two staterooms, 

 i-ars it. and about lios 

 tip Richmond, buund 



lling to take her. and 

 ,f t.hcship threw her 

 re, was ever hoard of 



ring 'hi ■:• lo Ibis port 



givnilv interested in his 

 the yawl, but COUVBrS 



wed me the pictures of 



Fired with emulation I 



yawl, and Jul, 1. is,;;. I 



fag with Moo ly on nies:; 



th- Phantom and relate, 1 some Of her, 



accepted his offerti change the Petrel to a yawl 



made my flist essay. Everything was new and sir 

 usual lu trial trips worked in anything bin a satisfactory maimer but 

 mowing that the boat was all right, and having sublime faith. in 

 Moody's reports of the capabilities of the rig, 1 persevered, and alter- 

 ing spurs uiul rigging a little, and abovo all learning the rig myself, X 



in,. icr paddle 



tin,- e, i Is, yet lioor enough lobe: 



sea-boat without too much shei r 

 must be roomy, jrei not iml. tigb 



handy. She must be. in fact, perfection as nearly as possibl all 



point'-, loi service of any kind and character. As may be supposed, 

 it is no easv thing to secure such a regular mu/iMmiflnarTO.ancfmany 

 have been "the designs and failures in which the problem has been at 

 tempted. The Stella Maris is one of the most successful "combine 

 fcions" vet brought to public notice, and a popular future, no doul,;. 

 awaits this particular class, for general service on river and lake. 



for both paddle and. sail, for long voyaging ,,i short after, n .Up, 



she is e,,ualh w.ll adapted. She is the well-known 'American Travel- 

 ing Canoe" with a tritle more sheer, suiting her heller for lumpy 

 water. The length over all is lift., beam Aim., depth from outside of 

 gal-hoard to top of gunwale sa.p n., with 8in crown lo.bvic and a keel 



at the stern i p.,],,. There is %jjfn. roi kor to the keel, so that she will 



modification of the Lord bos, rig A glance at our illustration will 

 explain, WhUe not suitable to verj large areas, this rig is unques- 



tioiiably the handiest imaginable tor cruising purposes, and ft. very 

 eiticieiit one, too. The sails are Mat as boards, there is no long mast. 

 no multiplicity of gear and lines. The yard is simply slipped over 



mVt'l ili,'':|!ii,a'iri';> i: at: "si: ". t a; .1 a v ; ; \: is liiil" Iro:' 

 , la-he,; otT like a shot „„l of :, gun ath-r the mizzeii is 



•a.-ry real canoeoughl to be Iicek. hatches and Htriug's 



below deck and adjustable t,, shanks of all lengths. 



It i not many years ago that we had to look to Kugland for all we 

 knew about building canoes, and although in rough water boats we 

 may still find much to fain from our cousins abroad, when ii , lomes 



to downright across .try cruising, to beauty of form and adapta- 



bilitj lot ie.-n.l- •'■' Maris prove that 



i.p.iuio,. The business ol canoe bail. ling has 

 grown with wonderful strides ol late. Hut a few years ago Mr. Rush- 

 ton commenced with a casual •sporting" boat, intended to replace 

 the dug-outs in u<i- in the Adirondack region-. The demand for his 



work increased so rapidly Han from a tiny box of tools and himself 

 forthe entire establishment, he has now built up a vast trails com- 

 manding the world for a market, The little shop has been followed 



i-ing machinery of all 

 -, up and finished off 

 ;eives that personal 

 "s work such an en- 

 lain building three 

 ngs. each 24ft. long 

 timber by furnace 

 voted to the receipt 

 10 for oars, paddles, 



other ' 



ltnig, % 



:■ third 



by a regular "factory" of a size and completen ess whieh astonishes 

 the visitor. Canton, hitherto an almost unknown inland town, has 

 become famed across the. seas as the center of one of the most thriv- 

 ing establishments of the kind. In fact, Rushton has become Can- 

 ton, and no disrespect to its other worthy inhabitants. 



As an instance of the rapid development of the sport in America, 

 we may state that Rushton carries in stock something like 150 canoes, 

 and sells them like hot cakes every spring, and with a score of hands 

 cannot keep pace with the demand. Laoor-savi 

 kinds has been introduced and canoes are n 

 wholesale, in fleets at a time, though each one ri: 

 care and supervision which has given to Rush to 

 viable reputation. His "factory " consists of a : 

 stories high, SOft. long and 30ft. wide, with two « 

 and 18ft. wide. The cellar is used for seasoning 

 or kiln and other processes. The first story is dem- 

 and storage or lumber, dressed and undressed; alsc 

 keels, paints, and for material for boxing. The se, 

 up to general work. In one wing is a steam-boiler 

 machines for ribbing the boats by Rushton'a pateni 

 appliances for bending timber to suitable forms. 

 are the offices, drawing-room, and sleeping apar 



story is used for storage and finishing of boats, pa 



and the like. The attic is the receptacle for patterns. There is aoouu 

 these shops at present a buzz of activity whieh augurs well for the 

 coming season and for the vast patronage bestowed by the public 

 upon this enterprising builder And successful business man. To Mr. 

 Ku.shtou's personal interest in behalf of canoeing the sport owes no 

 little of its present popularity and the deep root it has taken with the 

 mosses of our population. 



DANFORTH STOVES. 



Editor Forest and stream : 



In your edition of March 2-1. 1882,1 find article signed "Saucepan." 

 I undertake to reply, not for paper controversy nor advertisement, 

 but for the number of letters received from canoeists, yachtsmen, 

 etc. There seems to be a wan; which 1 can till, prov idol that; First, 

 "Saucepan" must learn that bakiug and broiling require intense, pro- 

 longed heat, not to be had by anything thai a canoe can carry— not 

 even charcoal. My stove— occupying (one burner' llviian. square, 

 l!)in. high, with space above for pipe and fount 8ft. high tpipe could 

 go through floor of yacht, but if cabin will hold a man silting down, 

 it has height for stove) will bake, broil, boil, do any and every kind of 

 cooking quicker and better than any other heat yet known. Of course 

 this size could be reduced one-half in height and one-third in square 

 if a demand that would pay for patterns came in If linnfiirlh's 

 stove and fluid cannot be used in yacht or canoe, then llierejsno use 

 looking for auything. I can cook in smaller space than any stove or 

 heat yet invented, and will provided the stoves would sell. We busi- 

 ness men look to sales, not wants. 



Anything that will cook will ignite, and in a storm or carelessly used 

 sud, ten ignition will burn up the cabin. If hay, straw, charcoal or 

 matches ue used, the yacht can't cook in a storm. I can't prevent 

 my fluid igniting from 'flame, nor burning if set on lire. I spend all 

 my means in proving to people that Danforth's fluid will bum. 



'■Saucepan" or bis friends may mix 1 or 1,000 parts of air with Dan- 

 forth's genuine thud, and it cannot be exploded. 



No experimenting needed. For seventeen years all experiment 

 that money could buy or opposition could try has been without suc- 

 cess. Yet it will burn. Put an ounce of tlnid in a gallon can. shake 

 it, heat it, freeze it— do all he. pleases with it -when lighted match is 

 dropped in it will burn at the orifice mixed with air. nothing more. 



Daiifortirs fluid is not "naphtha" nor "benzine." There are no 

 such articles. It is a light product, or pure, hydrocarbon; is not safe 

 anywhere -neither are matches, gunpowder nor water. 



Charcoal has had the ingenuity of 1,000 years, yet it's only dirty, 

 gassy, smoky charcoal. 



Now for "Saucepan's" last shot. An inexpensive article. There 

 are "inventive cusses" by the mile, but perpetual motion, living with- 

 out food, on sweet apples, etc., ail have had a few believers, but like 

 Pat's cow and eyeglass, making shavings grass, she died just as tho 

 invention seemed a success. 



Cast iron, galvanized iron, brass, even paper, can't be formed into 

 stoves for nothing. Nothing can be used with perfect safety - no light 

 or heat in a yacht if it has an ignoramus for manager. In a storm he 

 must go without eating or reading; in a calm safety is everywhere. 



Danforth's stoves are safe, clean, strong, ea ,iy lighted, free from. 

 smoke and smell, and cook everything better man any tire or stove 

 yetmade. Hut Danforth's fluid will burn. The miil B ninm is coming, 

 friend 'Saucepan." Glad to hear these criticisms. Give me ordei-s, 

 and I will make a yacht stove of iron, Oin. square, that will do all re- 

 quired—only Danforth's fluid must burn. Roderick F. Danfouth. 



Washington, D._Cj 



TYPE. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



Your paper having a reputation for fair dealing, you will probably 

 allow me to say, in way of comment on the recent and reiterated 

 statements as to light-draught yachts and centreboards being driven 

 to the wall by cutters and keels, that I have reason to know there 

 never Was a greater demand than at present for yachts of the very 

 lightest displacement and centreboards of the most appr,oe,l Amer- 

 ican type. The demand for sharpies is now so great that I could not 

 accept tho work offered without carrying on afar more extensive. 

 business than at present I am inclined to be bothered with. 



As to sharpies being non seaworthy and only lit for Bourbons and 

 clam-diggers, all I have to say is that, year* ago, these boat- were 

 proved to be far dryer, handier and more comfortable in rough water 

 than the cumbersome cutter. While as to their sped and ease of 

 working under such circumstances, it needs but that I refer to the 

 two past y.-urs. during which our friends of avoirdupois and chunks 

 have shown themselves afraid to meet the sharpie at sen and short- 

 handed. 



Lest "A Yachtsman" should feel wounded, and again charge me 

 with ingenious advert ising, I wish to add that this is written in the 

 interest of Corinthian cruising, and that he and I can settle the mat- 

 ter at sea in our little boats. Mine will be ready on one months 



Last summer I was warned to keep out of print on centreboards, 

 or "the bovs twith keels, you know) would use me up." Well, did 

 they? TtloMAsCl.Ai'UAM. 



We hardly agree with Mr clap'iam. Our experience and observa- 

 tions leading to different conclusions. Il is likely enough that tin re 

 always will b< a demand for boats such as Mr. Clapuam makes a 

 specialty of, For river work, shoals, lumti .g and tisi.ing. his light 



, tin 



nt 



than thirty are keel 

 ccntage of keels will be nt 



Facte like t are more.;. 



over, the board has had the 

 resuscitated only through tl 



for a short three years past 

 gained in such a short peri, 



journal pined against the s 



asl. aboul ninetj per cent, Of the yachts 

 Ids voir iieing I. ecis. In I ue New York Y. 

 forty sail, only six were keels, that is, fil'- 

 1881, out of a tl'ec, of -,a enty-ninc, no less 

 ou! tony p.r cent., and this year the per 

 early fifty, or one-hall ■•! the whole lot. 



afer thai 

 We 



dieted it- |.r 



ceiiireboar I 

 ploded. Th 

 draft. Whil 

 contain spec 

 sary. we ha\ 

 than purely 

 <m the ..ii 

 ing cabins, i 



. .1 .. 



about its be 

 tog a], on tl 

 i preference! 



Mp 



,1 await the pre- 



superiority of the 

 ,: completely ox 

 i.d advantages in 



g an advantage in 



ever] count other 



land the objections to the board are serious. Crainp- 

 fering with a proper Stepping of the mainmast in 

 SCUOOners, witness Mr. Piatt's new craft now building, and the loss of 

 low weight, the danger of twisting wh.n going ashore unexpectedly, 

 the excessive draft confining the yacht to deeper waters and chan- 

 nels wiiei, in reallv efficient condition with the hoard fully down-all 

 • rv serious objections which with many molt than out- 

 weigh the single advantage of drifting broadside into shoal water or 

 indulging in that peculiar fancy for lying on the mud. Still exhibited 



in Borne quarters; r7e have neve,- averred thai the board will cease to 

 exist, but that the keel is entitled to quite as much consideration from 

 those seeking speed, and that for deep water cruising, which is after 

 all tie- unalloyed form of the sport in its purity, the keel is in every 

 way to be preferred. 



■fhe tendency of the times is decidedly in favor of the keel, 

 though New York is slow to follow the lead of the East. This 

 does not prevent Mr. eiaphaui building his i, oats f,.r special ser- 

 vice. Among those whose eonopii if the grand sport is 



limited [o dawdling about a petty sheet, like the Sound, the board 

 will always be leld in higher estimation than among the real 

 sailors who prefer going to sea, and do not consider themselves 

 fairly ou their course untd they get a whiff of old Ocean himself. To 

 them a foot or two more or less draft Is insignificant, We are glad tq 



