276 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[May 4, 1888. 



peaked tcaffs at the head do away with the long springing masts and 

 give to tun sail a. Hatter si: about Hie head, the peak purchase bring- 

 rag a strain on the leach as desired. A yard is laced to the 



foot 

 the pla 

 roadil 



set _ flying, and sprits take 



the 



furled by i 



i lias 



a6t \ 



.Hi. 



sprit b 



whe 



j the 



work 



9 tO hi 



isefnl '. 



vas about 

 taken off 

 r jib and 

 ity of sail 



gaffs 



orarily. The boat will 

 iiusailonly, so that the 

 plan is offered us in the regular vawl. 



For larger boats, booms are substituted, the bowsprit increased in 

 length aud a permanent jibstay set up as well as a light shroud added 

 In more powerful boats recourse could be had to 

 j obtain a large spread, in which case, however, the 

 pros of the rig of these boats would disappear. For 

 ut along shore, for fishing and hunting iu snoal waters, 

 pear to be exceedingly well adapted, andthey are 

 per than roiind-bilged boats into the bi 

 ril the objects of regular yachting beyond this 

 •named tnis season with results no longer open 

 _._sl\ n yawl rig has recently been supplied to a 

 boat to be shipped to franco for The artist Faloro. She is 39ft. long, 

 9ft. beam, the deck laid in lin. square strips of different colored 

 wood, with miiliop,. my iittings. coppered up to load line and lilted 

 with airtight compartments. 



og abb 



about ( 



will pr< 

 to quer 



AND THE FISHING FLEET TOO. 



ry^HE Cape Ann Advertiser says that Nova Scotia builders of fishing 

 JL smacks are showing a very decided leaning toward I. _ i.n 

 cutter in their latest models, which is very much to the credit of the 

 Nova Sections. It is our belief that Gloucester is on the point of 

 following. The barrel bottoms have had their day. Now, let us have 

 a little new blood to infuse fresh ideas among the local talent along 

 the Massachusetts coast, so that actual test may be made of more 

 depth, less beam, snug lower spars anil housing topmast, Instead of 

 harping on the fearfully haciaieyed tunes of provincial pride upon 

 which the purely suppositious merits of the present fishing fleet 

 models have been strung. The yachting community has nearly been 

 converted. What was the pride of the clubs but a few years ago has 

 now lo3t caste. The beamy light draft is no more. What but a few- 

 years ago was held up to ridicule is now received with high favor. 

 Depth, low ballast, cutter rigs are driving out the ancient sloop. If 

 such things are possible in tne yachting Beet, we see no reason why 

 fishermen may not soon take the cue. 



The present agitation in favor of a modification of high bilges and 

 great beam is in accord with common sense and Fouest and .Stream. 

 False pride, petty provincialism, spread-eagleism and conservatism 

 will be arrayed against the innovation. They always are in the 

 struggle for any reforms. On the other hand the frightful annual 

 loss of life sacrificed to the unprogressire self -sufficient complacency 

 of the times, the intuitive feeling that something is wrong some- 

 where, that it cannot be explained" away by a three-knot current on 

 the banks, or by "coming together," but rests in some fundamental 

 failing of the vessel herself, is gathering to such a pitch that eiperi- 

 meut-al in.niiiieatioes will be forced from unwilling heads in spite of 

 themselves. Once let the experiment be made and a permanent shift 

 of opinions will follow on the spot, for the beneficial effects of mod- 

 eration iu form are too well known to naval architects up with the. 

 ago to admit of any question. We quote from a letter by "Vidas. ' 

 in the Cape Aim Advertiser; 



"lam afraid that the. important article by Capt. J. W. Collins in 

 your columns, on the models of our fishing vessels, will not receive 

 the attention from those engaged in the listener business which it de- 

 serves. Captain Collins is evidently well qualified from reading, ob- 

 servation aud experience to speak on this subject, and it is the duly 

 of our citizens carefully to weigh the suggestions he makes. 



Thirty to forty years aa,o oar ..-' m ■■■<-. i ■■.- ;v,. M ■ a. • :;,.,- 



tons were built about seven and a half feet deep iu the hold and sev- 

 enteen or eighteen feet wide. We have since gone on increasing the 

 length aud breadth, without increasing the depth, till now ourschoon- 

 ers of a hundred tons and rising are only ot about the same depth 

 that our sixty ton schooners used to be. The Increased stability of 

 these vessels in smooth water allows greater length of spars to spread 

 more canvas to increase their speed, but we overlook the fact that 

 this may be the means of their destruction in a rough sea. When 

 one of our wide, flat schooners capsizes, the weight of her spars and 

 top-hamper is so great that there is not leverage enough in the ballast 

 to raise them from the water, and she lies helpless on her side, and 

 fills and sinks, where if she was two feet deeper, and the masts about 

 the same length— two feet more under deck and two feet less above 

 deck— and the ballast (more of it of course) well secured, she would 

 be as sure to right herself as the little pith toy that the boys used to 

 make with the end loaded with lead. 



I recall the instance of the schooner Sarah C. i'yle, which was cap- 

 sized on Georges, and lay on her beam ends, filling with water., appa- 

 rently soon to go down with all on board, when one of the crew 

 clim oed along her side and cut the mam lanyards, when the mainmast 

 broke off near the deck, and the vessel righted and was saved. Had 

 the vessel been of sufficient depth, with enough ballast well secured, 

 she would have righted at once with the loss of her masts. I believe 

 the fore lanyards had been before cut, and the foremast went over 

 with the mainmast. 



Our fishing vessels can be and should be so modeled, constructed, 

 and fitted that they will not founder at sea except in case of collision, 

 which accident is, of course, of rare occurrence, as the sea is a verv 

 wide field for vessels to sail and ride in. A vessel with her hatches. 

 compauionw r ays, etc., well secured, will not sink by a sea breaking 

 tipon her, but will soon clear herself, unless she is capsized, when of 

 course, if she remains on her beam ends, she will fill sooner or later 

 and go down. I think that three-fourths of our losses of vessels ig 

 for want of a sufficient depth of hold to give the ballast a leverage to 

 prevent them from capsizing or to right them when thrown down by 

 force of the wind aud waves. 



We cannot expect a sudden change in the construction of our fish- 

 ing fleet, but it is to be hoped that this subject will secure serious con- 

 sideration aud that some of our citizens may be soon found of suffi- 

 cient wisdom, courage and humanity to have' one or more bankers 

 constructed of aboul ifj^f t. depth of hold to the 100 tons, as a com- 

 mencement of a needed change." 



LOADED CENTERBOARDS FOR CANOES. 



mi tor Forest and Stream I 



The sailing canoes of (he Royal Canoe Club, of England, frequently 

 carried cenrerboards of thick iron plate, weighing fifty or sixty 

 pounds. Several canoes, chiefly "Pearls," have recently been built 

 to carry similar heavy centerboards on this side of the "Atlantic. A 

 heavy Iron eenterboard forms most excellent ballast when lowered, 

 but it has some disadvantages. It is unhandy to lift in and out of the 

 canoe, especially it' the latter is bobbing about on broken water by a 

 wharf, when fully housed in the eenterboard box, it makes a good 

 deal of top heavy weight, and helps the canoe to roll. Acting on a 

 hint given to me by Mr. W. P. Stephens, at Lake George last August. 

 I have designed, and have had constructed a eenterboard loaded with 

 lead, in wjilch the greater part of the weight is concentrated in the 

 lower part of the board, a skeleton frame of bar iron is first made, 

 and on each side of this is riveted a sheet of iron oue-sixteenth of an 

 inch thick. This makes a hollow eenterboard of a total thickness of 

 five-eighths of an inch, and weighing twenty-three pounds. Two light 

 iron frames, 7-lti of an inch wide, with long handles, are made to fit 

 into the lower part of the Inside of the eenterboard. These frames 

 are loaded with lead, and each then weighs thirteen pounds, thus 

 making the. total weight of the eenterboard 49 pouuds when fully 

 loaded. This new board will, I think, be found to possess the follow- 

 ing advantages: 



The weight being concentrated In the bottom of the eenterboard 

 gives better ballasting power vsith less actual weight. .1 hope that my 

 49-pound board w ill give as much sail-carrying power as a 05-potmd 

 iron plate would. 



The lead-loaded board will act as ballast even when housed in the 

 canoe, and will not make the canoe roll, as the greater part of the 

 weight is then within live inches of the bottom line of the keel. 



For the same reason, most valuable help is afforded in righting the 

 canoe when capsized, even if the board should slip back into the box 



wcred. A button act 

 og unshipped in the 



or had not bi 



vent the boa 

 bottom up. 



When sailing in shallow water the win 

 got below the keel by lowering the ceiili 



It is much easier to handle in removin 

 it on board. Instead of one heavy lift < 

 move thirteen pounds of lead, then lift 

 with a lift of twenty-three pounds. 



When a light eenterboard only is v 

 This Wfll iu some cases save the n< 

 centerboards. 



In the accompanying drawing, at f 

 one side removed, so as to bring the 



3 the slot t 

 rent of the 



eck wiU pre- 

 ! turning 



anted, leave the lead at home, 

 cessity of a man keeping two 



iug at J , the frame 

 continued up to the tc 

 tijiuing to I, it doublo; 

 This gives doubled str 

 Is. The dotted line A 

 lowered. The portii 



e 1, the board is shown with 

 •ual economy to view. Start - 

 nued to E, thence to I) and L. It is not 

 n ' '. but is taken across to It, eon- 

 a sort of loop, and is welded at N. 

 il and Bb, where the greatest strain 

 .... .he line of the feel when the board is 

 of the frame from E to about M is made of bar 



Fig. 1.-CENTERBOARD FOR CANOE. (Scale H inch. 



as shown by the line R R R, so as to cut the water easily. A hook is 

 welded on at P, which hooks on to the king bolt. Where- the sheet 

 iron is. the frame is half an inch thick, where not covered with sheet 

 iron-G, i. A, and F to O— it is five-eighths thick, so as to give a uni- 

 form thickness throughout. 



The sheet iron is shown by the lightly shaded part. Starting at P, 

 its outer edge passes H. aud Aa to G wbere it is level with the outer 

 edge of the eenterboard. It continues past M aud C to L, where it 

 takes a jog inward for half an inch to the line It R R. It follows the 

 chamfer along the bottom of the board to near E, and up to P again. 

 The upper corner L C II is composed merely of the two thicknesses 

 of sheet iron, and is only an eighth of an inch thick, except where it- 

 widens out as il approaches the bar L M. This, white giving plenty of 

 strength, gives room for the chain shackle atC withoiitthiuniugdown 

 and weakening the frame, and it also reduces somewhat the top- 

 heavy weight of frame at the corner. These two sheets of iron, 1-lti 

 of an inch thick, are riveted to the frame by copper rivets as shown, and 

 are chamfered off from L to D and D to E, to correspond with the 

 chamfer of the frame. From C to L the edges of the sheets are 

 brought together so as to continue the sharp edge. Figure 2 gives a 



SHEET IRON 



Fig. 2. - Section Through Rivet. Full Size. 



full-sized section at one of the rivets. The two frames which contain 

 the lead are made of one-half by three-sixteenths inch iron, hammered 

 on the edge down to seven sixteenths, which increases the thickness 

 slightly. They are shown at S, T, U, V, ami X, Y, Z, O. The lead is 

 held i v pieces of stout wire which are riveted in the frames before 

 the melted lead is poured into them. These wires are shown by- 

 dotted lines. The frames are fitted with long handles A* I and O J. 

 which terminate iu eyes I and J. Above the eye J is a button K, work- 

 ing on a bolt F, secured by two jammed nuts below. This makes it im- 

 possible for the lead to fall out if the eenterboard is upside down. 

 The eyes I and J project above the deck. 



To fake out the lead when the board is housed in its box, turn the 

 button K, put your finger in the eye J, and lift out the forward lead 

 frame, then by means of the eye I, drag the aft frame forward, and 

 lift it out. 



[I found it necessary to have the sheet iron taken to the saw works 

 and hammered Hat before putting on, so as to take the "buckle" out. 

 There is a knack about this work which needs an expert. The inner 

 sides of the sheet iron should be painted with red lead beforo being 

 riveted to the frame, and the outside of the board should be japanned 

 when finished, which will prevent any galvanic action by the contact 

 in water of the iron and copper. Copper rivets work better than iron. 



I w f as fortunate enough to secure tne services of a blacksmith who 

 was an excellent workman and a very intelligent man. I had previ- 

 ously drawn a full-size 1 sketdb. of the thing on a wide pine board, and 

 f remained with the blacksmith while he did the work. The result 

 was a most satisfactory job. I mention this, because it is by no 

 means easy to get a ue.v thing of this sort put into good shape. He, 

 however, made it to work like a charm, and when tho lead was cast 

 in the frames they went in and out without any sticking or jamming. 



I'm.:- i.-i-...,i ...:' ,h- i-.-i.a.-- , ai.it- v a-, iii -.. I an era li.iil :r:a Thai was here 



hi Canada; win: it would cost in the United Slates 1 cannot say. 



You cannot take too much pains in elaborating a thing of this kind 

 before having it made. In the course of Incubation 1 made from 



sixteen to twenty different drawings before I got the thing fairly 

 hatched.] Tho next point- is the practical test, which will be made 

 this su miner, on the waters of Lake Ontario and Lake George. Of 

 this I will let you hear further. 



Robert Tyson, Toronto Canoe Club. 



in 



CHICAGO YACHT CLUB.— At last meeting new club colors were 

 adopted— swallow-tail in shape, cardinal field, blue cross with C. Y. C. 

 in white letters. Fourth class for small yachts was readopted, as the 

 club proposes to encourage the "school for the sailor." This is a wise 

 measure. Annual matches probably July 4. Capt. Prindiville's new 

 sloop, the largest yacht yet built in Chicago, has been launched by 

 John Towusend and christened Wasp. Total cost only 88,000. 

 Length over all 77ft., on load line 61ft., beam 10.10ft., depth 7ft., and 

 6ft. draft aft, with 8ft. forward; eenterboard 18ft. long, draft, with 

 board, lSft.. mast 80ft., topmast 40ft., bowsprit 83ft.. boom 66ft., gaff 

 37. There are 1,600yds, m her working sails, all made by Channon 

 Bros., of Chicago. Accommodations consist of saloon, four state- 

 rooms, pantry, galley and forecastle for five hands. Schooner Idler, 

 Mr. A. Fisher, is now being overhauled. Skipper Cooley will remain 



in charge. She is to have a new foremast Seh ier Viking, Ool 



J. Mason Loomis. is having her stern spun out. will ship new mam 

 boom and bowsprit, receive brass rail around the quarter and new 

 appointments below. Theschooneri lounti ■-■ > -:-i mn .i-.--.ni i 'an,. tie. 

 Mr. William Borden, has been almost rebuilt. Has had a fantail 

 added aft and new appointments throughout. Sloop Cora will split 

 jib in accord with counsels of Forest and Stream. Chicago yachts- 

 men have an eye on the Eastern market, and now that the club lias 

 been Srmlyi rtablished', "sold to Chicago" may become a common 



il! ii FOB KfJKLS.— How the times and tastes have changed! A 



" ice theu two applications have 



t an advance. Again, a gentle- 



d sloop hauled out at Staten 



jied an Imported keel boat from 



small ct 







en 



IV 



sold 



been ma 



do tool. 





t-'a 





line 



Island, ; 



nil whilf 



lo 



.'il 



vg 



her . 



Bosh to 



vhicb wa 



H 1 



ot 



or 

















havi 



id 



the discomfiture and alarm of the tl 

 turbed so much by visions of mud tla 

 snuare miles of deep water can be ha_ 



v to every one of shoal water. It is gradually being understood 

 '-el is" 



gth of the 



lowered. The portion ot the triune trotu HI to about al is made or Dar snore m. every one nr snoai water, it- is grauuauy uemg iniui-ibiwiu w „„ >r , v . lWnv ; n „fi.., m j it,,, n, T ,v" 



Iron % deep by ffiin. thick. From F to L it ia chamfered off to an edge, that when in sailing condition 6ft. of keel is loss than 14ft. of board [ VYHKN ArO) WHY IS Urouncl Hog Day I 



and thatif the board may once in a great while "cut 

 with a free wind, so too the keel can work up in much le? 

 tho fln without loss of efrtciency to windward. Ccco 

 board is a very good I hing, but much ofteuer experionei 

 iu favor of the keel, to say nothing about internal nceom 



ANOTHER CUTTER. -The Hues of a new siugle-haud boat of 8 tons 

 are well under way. She will be a tlushed-deeked cutter or yawl, ar- 

 ranged to be used interchangeably. '-'4ft. overall, i.'ut. i.n water-line, 

 7ft. beam, 4>^rt. draft, and o'/,(t. depth of hold. She will have 8,000113 

 lead on her keel aud about t,6"001b. inside, and will have a very com- 

 modious forecastle, lift, long, to stow a crew if desired. The sky- ' 

 light will be framed iu mahogany and arranged in such a way that ■ 

 the cabin and forecastle respectively can be comfortably int. red 



through it. There will be nothing that can be called a -knit, for 



the reason that no deck beam will be disturbed by it. It will only 

 have a depth of 1ft., and the length aud breadth of it will be no more; 

 it would, therefore, only hold a cubic foot of water, and this water 

 could only accumulate from rain, it i-- lii;ch the boat wili 

 fastened and also copperod. Her rail will be only lin. deep, the inj 

 tention being to have all the boat possible. The least freeboard will 

 be 2ft. 



NEW SCHOONER.— Varuna is the name of Mr. Geo. B. Hill's new j 

 schooner nearly finished in Palmers yard. Nbank, Conn, She is a 

 fine, bold-looking ship, and quite up to the best in New 

 Mr. Hill has had experience in keej yachts, and linds no 

 to go back to the board now going out of fashion alt< 

 new ship is a keel boat Dflft. long on .leek, soft, load lit 

 greatest beam 28ft., depth Oft., draft Or"*., keel, -t-m aud 

 oak, keelsons dead wood, ceiling and deck-frame of j 

 frames, wales, phiatiug of white eak, hie- - , . ,,-k, deck of 



white pine, and fittings of malvgany. Mai a: in... u. vmast 74ft.. 



14ft.. mainho'om ban., forebuoin 2,3ft.," l'uaingaif -Tift., t'o'regalf 27ft., 

 mastheads 7ft. 



OSWKGO YACHT 0LTJB.— Wood. Bros., of Boston, 

 finished a deep keel sloop ler i iswego owners. Length < 

 Sin.; beam, lift.; drautrht, 8ft.; hold, 3ft. tUti. Ballast 

 tons Inside and M.iXV'll.s. Fad on keel. We are gl 

 friends taking to the Eastern style of build, in ni i. - 

 shoal draft traps, copied from New V- Jl •'.:' 

 is nothing whatever m the typical broad, shoal \\-w 

 boarder which can be commended as worth imitating at 

 Lake yachtsmen should be the last of all to in lot. i in a SI 

 in good repute even iu New York, thanks to PoRESI AND 



A COMPLIMENTARY INDORSEMENT.- -Mr. Colin Archer, the 

 well-known naval architect of Laurvig. Norway, who was tho first i 

 Europe to formulate the modern wave-area principles, has written to 

 the Seawanhaka Corinthian Y. C, congratulating it trpou the adoption 

 of the now measurement ride published in these columns. 



MANHATTAN YACHT CLUB. - -Club house foot, ot lliffht v -seventh 

 street, Fast River. Officers Cor the year: ton. mod ore, ,1. W. ( :<ioper, 

 Vice-Commodore, John flvslop; Rear-Commodore, liemge F. Bright- 

 son: Secretary, H. ('. Alger; Treasurer. W. ft. Shiionson: V. a .„.■ - 

 John 0. Bra.SHii.go in. Annual cruise early In July. 



ATALANTA.— Captain Cuthbert, of Belleville, Ontario, is now here, 

 overhauling the Atalanta, of America, eup fame, expecting to get on 

 some private matches with New York yachts, as soon u* in proper 

 condition. 



VOLUTE.— This keel sloop, originally the Boston Vision, has been 

 sold by Mi-. H, W. Eaton to Mr. C. A. Brown, who will lit her out at 

 once at the Seawanhaka Basm, Staten .Island. Mr-. Eaton will build a 

 cutter. 



DARE DEVIL.— In some remarks appended to Commodore Dili- 

 worth's letter last weeaei.ae.-i-aiaa: i. aa laarc Devil, read "Om oi i ■<■ 

 ablest and 'smartest"boats of her kind," in place of ■•smallest," etc. 



DOUBLE JIBS.— Recreation aud linporia, both formerly of New- 

 York, but now owned in Boston, will come out with double bead rig. 

 One by one the sloops are disappearing, 



ROSALIE.— Mr. Carson's sloop Rosalie, of Philadelphia !,.-- 



a forestay- Spilt jibs or cutter principles iu rig are steadily gaining 

 in every yachi log port on the Atlautic. 



MAGGIE.— This iif teen ton cutter will be shipped from Liverpool 

 about the middle of May. 



CUTTERS.— Eight cutters were added to the Eastern Yacht Club 

 last year. ^___^___^___^^^^^ 



PUBLISHER'S DEPARTMENT. 

 The Hazaed Powder Compant, who for so long ogive bi i 

 at No. 88 Wall street, recently moved into new and commodious 

 quarters at No. U3 Pin-- street, New York, where > h,-.- ■-.,., a, 



ar from their eld friends. They still - uaiaiira..- 



ture all grades of powder as formerly and v.-.- . a „■ 



offlei 



itnar. 



Canned Goods. -We call attention to the advertisement of 

 Wm. H.Cohen * Co., in this issue, who have all kin- 1, - , - 



sealed goods. They are put up iu handy form a,. I a ■ ... !,.- 



dispensable in the outfit of a. yacht, or of liiiiiuna- ami a hi , 



They are a great convenience and enable the sp- -rt -.,,,.- 



the luxuries of life while far from home. 



Dadoes isn Mrnuts.- Messrs. C. B. Wilkinson and John I 

 who have doue business under the nun name of Wilkinson & Leimou, 

 ha . e dissolved ; u tnershlp. and hereafter n ill do businog's sepai ately, 

 They will both manufacture medals aud 

 Lenuon remaining at the old stand, No -; - I ■■ on str 

 WiUdason is to befound at No.SJobJi street, where each will, we 



trust, receive a generous patronage u. The old firm 



had an excellent reputation for good workmanship. 



The Staten Island Athletic Clue, grounds, corner 

 Bcmcnt and Henderson avenues, West New Brighton, S, I., 

 will hold their spring games, open to all amateurs, on Satur- 

 day. Mav 30, 1883, commencing. at g :1a p. M.--St;i 

 (Box 160, New Brighten. N. Y) 



