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the stein. This in anner of bud formation is of interest as 

 affording another example of the production of buds without 

 the Intervention of a protonema. It is very probable that 

 buds are produced this way in nature, and the presence of 

 young plants Coming from the region of the leaf axil conforms 

 the supposition. The direct growth in nature was not followed 

 however. Mention may be nrade here of the attempts to 

 obtain protonema from Fontinalis antipyretica. The leaves 

 and stems were cultivated in a variety of ways: in water, 

 on earth, and with varying amounts of moisture, but no 

 protonema were obtained from either leaves or stem. 



As shown by the for egoin g experiments, the production 

 of buds with reference to light and darkness seems to have 

 been in a great measure dependent upon the supply of food 

 material which the leaf could afford. The question which 

 naturally suggests itself at this point is : Can bud production 

 be called forth in the dark by the use of some such carbo- 

 hydrate food as grape-sugar, in the case of leaves which in 

 themselves are unable to produce buds with the absence of 

 Illumination? This is a question difficult to solve, because 

 the majority of leaves require a considerable length of time 

 for bud production, and because it is impossible to make 

 perfectly sterile cultures. Repeated attempts were made 

 with various leaves, with every care possible to keep the 

 cultures sterile, but the inroads of bacteria and moulds 

 destroyed the experiments and thus shut out all chance of 

 success. 



In one instance however my efforts were suocessful and 

 that in the case of Phascum cuspidatum. The leaves of this 

 moss under ordinary conditions produced protonema and 

 buds after five days. The rapidity of growth made it 

 favorable for experimentation and the cultures to which 

 grape sugar was supplied, formed buds after two days, both 

 in light and darkness, but in greater abundance in the light 

 cultures. With further growth in the dark, the buds grew 



