— 5 — 



of the end bud in Leucobryum has been known to produce 

 a protonema growth, and H. Schulze has observed a luxuriant 

 growth of protonema filaments from the leaf apices of Hypnum 

 giganteum. 



Mention should be made here of the formation of brood 

 bodies on different portions of the leaf, now apex, now costa, 

 in various species of Orthotrichum, Ulota, Barbula, Grimmia, 

 Syrrhopodon and Calymperes. 1 These brood-bodies are appar- 

 ently formed in the young stages of the leaf and are homo- 

 logous with protonema productions. They become detached 

 from the leaf and under proper conditions grow out into 

 protonema filaments, although in some cases growth may begin 

 before detachment. 



The formation of a protonema filament and the later 

 production of a new plant has been observed from the ca- 

 lyptra of Conomitrium Julianum. According to Goebel ' l the 

 formation was from the inner side, and according to Schimper, 3 

 from the outer surface. Limpricht 3 has also recorded the 

 production of protonema by the detached calyptra of Phascum. 



Limpricht 4 ascribes to all parts of the moss plant a 

 very great power of regeneration since he says : "Alle Teile 

 der Moospflanze besitzen die Fähigkeit, sekundäre Protonema 

 zu erzeugen," and specifically in regard to the stem : "Auch 

 jede Zelle der Stengeloberfläche ist fähig, einen Protonema- 

 faden zu bilden." In a great majority of cases however an 

 Intervention of a rhizoid production occurs. The sessile or 

 stalked brood-bodies of Pleuridium alternifolium originate from 

 the stem. Bryum erythrocarpum 5 produces axillary brood- 

 bodies, and Webera annotina and Ludwigii 6 produce axillary 

 bulbils which detach themselves from the stem and grow 



1 Goebel, Outlines of Classification, p. 172—73. 1887. Limpricht, 

 Laubmoose, 1 : 64. 



2 1. c. p. 173. 



3 Limpricht, Laubmoose 1 : 65. 



4 1. c. p. 61 and 63. 



5 Schimper, Rech. anat. et morph. sur les mousses, p. 19. 1848. 



6 Schimper, 1. c. p. 7. 



