1893.] Shell Heaps of Florida. 611 
from the surface and continuing through a layer two feet in 
thickness, were numerous human bones. These bones were 
broken into fragments and lay at random throughout the 
entire stratum. Some were found immediately upon a fire- 
place, and at least one of these human bones showed marks of 
fire. They were treated in respect to breakage as were the 
bones of lower animals found with them, and the areas 
of fracture were of the same dark brown color as the 
rest of the bone. The bones were so scattered that any esti- 
mate as to the number of bodies represented would be impos- 
sible, but fragments of at least four crania were met with. 
Few fragments of bone were in condition for measurement. 
The average lateral diameter of three portions of tibie was 
59.9% of the average antero-posterior diameter. As stated in 
previous papers, these measurements were taken just where 
the nutrient artery enters the bone. Of three humeri one was 
perforated. 
Composition of the Mound at Point of Excavation. 
(a) 1 ft.—Sand and powdered shell, containing pottery, plain 
and ornamented, with fragments of bones of edible animals. 
(b) 2 ft.—Sand, powdered shell and a slight admixture of 
shells. Numerous fragments of human bones were found 
throughout this layer, in association with fragments of animal 
bones, among which was half the lower jaw of a dog and fae- 
ces of animals. At the bottom of this layer, though not cov- 
ering the entire area, was a fire-place. Absolutely no pottery 
in this stratum. 
(c) 1 ft. 6 in.—Ampullarie, paludinz and. uniones, with 
slight admixture of sand. No pottery and no bones of ani- 
als 
mals. 
(d) 2 ft. 6 in.—Mixture of sand and shell No remains of 
any sort. 
In the upper layer were found a small piece of chipped 
chert, a fragment of a rude implement of bone and a rude 
disc of shell, rough at the margin and perforated in the cen- 
' ter, having a diameter of 1} inches and a thickness of 1 inch. 
In the Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, 1880-1881, 
