1893.] Shell Heaps of Florida. ro TN 
Human Remains. 
Eleven feet from the surface, in immediate association with 
fragmentary bones of the lower animals, lay a portion of the 
shaft of a human femur 3i inches in length, with old breaks 
at either end; a portion of the shaft of a tibia, broken in 
excavation; two right heel bones, somewhat crushed; two 
bones of the toe; a fragment of a radius with old break, and 
a portion of rib. Five feet east of these remains lay a frag- 
mentary portion of human femur, showing no recent fracture, 
while at the same level, but four feet distant, in the southeast 
corner of excavation 3 lay a fragment of femur; an ulna in 
two portions, old break; a small fragment of lower jaw and a 
piece of femur with old longitudinal split. At about the same 
level in the northwestern portion of the excavation, appar- 
ently entirely isolated, was the upper half of a human ulna. 
In view of the scattered and broken condition of these bones 
and their association with the bones of animals used for food 
together with the fact that an almost contiguous burial mound 
offered a means of sepulture, it seems unlikely that these 
human remains are other than refuse left over from a canni- 
balistic repast. Never elsewhere on the St. John's has the 
writer come upon human remains in this condition at a depth 
from the surface greater than 3 feet, and in his introductory 
paper, written previous to a second visit to Mulberry Mound, 
he stated that in view of the numerous cases indicating can- 
nibalism discovered by him along the greater portion of the 
river where shell heaps exist, at no great depth from the sur- 
face, he was inclined to the belief that the custom must have 
come in at a somewhat late period of the formation of the 
shell heaps. Subsequent research may prove this supposition 
unfounded, but for reasons to be mentioned later the presence 
of human remains in this condition in Mulberry Mound does 
not modify his previously expressed opinion. 
Remains of Lower Animals. 
As is the ease in the majority of shell heaps, the deer and 
turtle in Mulberry Mound were found, next to shell fish, to 
