756 The American Naturalist. [August, 
The Scandinavian Discoveries of Greenland, was presented by M. 
Valdemir Schmidt, while M. E. Beaubois argued in favor of the 
migrations of the Gaul to America during the Middle Ages. MM. 
Paul Gaffarel and Charles Cariod presented a history of the Discover- 
ies of the Portuguese in America in the time of Christopher Columbus. 
Dr. A. Ernst presented some observations upon the culture of the 
Banana in America. J. Sylvario Jorrin questioned whether there was 
an authentic portrait of Christopher Columbus, and Dr. Francisco 
Henriquez y Carvajal argued that the remains or ashes of Christopher . 
Columbus were not removed from San Domingo to Havana as was 
intended and believed. In support of this, he presented the inscription 
of one of the sarcophagi at San Domingo, indicating that it contained 
the remains of Colymbus. This assertion gave rise to discussion in 
which this inscription was denounced by dela Rada y Delgado as 
false and bearing evidence of having been made in modern times. The 
* Ancient Cartography of America" was presented by Mr. Shipley, 
and M. Gabriel Marcel gave interesting account of the globes in the 
Bibliotheque Nationale on which the Continents of America were 
figured. 
The next group of questions comprised 
AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGY. 
Dr. Ten Kate supported the thesis of Dr. Virchow at the Seventh 
Congress, to wit:-that we must definitely renounce the theory of a 
universal type among the American Aborigines. Dr. Ten Kate 
declared in favor of a plurality of types in America. He found from 
Cape San Lucas to the River Gila, a distance of 600 kilometres, the 
extremes of cephalic forms, the indices varying from .6 to 10.0, although 
he ‘gives no opinions as to which was the most ancient form. The 
height, too, varies from one metre and 57 centimetres to one metre 
and 87 centimetres. Taking-into consideration these and all other 
dimensions, he thought he could distinguish more than one type which 
may have been primitive. He dissents from the idea of the A merican 
Indian being a red-skin, but says that his skin is brown or yellow, and 
to be aecounted for by atmospheric and other influences. Dr. Ten 
Kate declared his conclusions based upon his experience after having 
made critical anthropological examinations of a large number of 
Indians, both individual and in tribes. He is forced to the conclusion 
that many of them possess distinctive mongolite type characters, yet, 
while there are certain tribes in the northwest like the Tinneh, are | 
