(A1 E The American Naturalist. [September, 
the Euphorbiaceze, some Urticaces, and a few other isolated 
cases, but altogether a comparatively small number,—espe- 
cially so because the Graminacee mentioned rarely have 
‘spikes entirely of unisexual flowers and hence do not strictly 
fit the case. The diclinism occurring in many Composite is 
not referred to, because it is not analogous to diclinism in other 
plants, and the Composite are relegated to a category of their 
own by their highly specialized inflorescence ;—their diclinous 
“capitum ” is functionally equivalent to a single perfect flower 
in other Angiosperms. The blossoming of so many trees, 
especially the Diclinz, in earliest spring, before leaf-budding, 
must evidently have at least partial connection with anemo- 
philous cross-fertilization. 
The Hermaphroditz (this term only signifying a predomin- 
ant character) parts naturally into the Choripetale and Sympe- 
tale, nearly parallel and somewhat inter-related. The first 
includes the Incomplete (so-called Apetalæ), which cannot be 
naturally made a separate division. It is conceded now that 
the Sympetale are higher than the Choripetali, though the 
divisions are not successive, save in that the first probably rose 
from some aberrant form of the second. "There are three clear 
sub-divisions of the Choripetale, partly serial and partly 
parallel, —H ypogyn:e (including so-called Disciflorz), Perigy- 
næ, and Epigynæ. The Epigyn:e are past question the highest, 
and the Perigyne rather intermediate. 
Earliest of the Hypogyne are the Ranunculacez, peculiarly 
normal and typical and distinctively spring-flowering, extend- 
ing from mid-April to early June. Hepatica, Anemonella, 
Caltha, Ranunculus, Aquilegia, —all synonymous with spring. 
Note that the more specialized forms, such as Aquilegia, Del- 
phinium, Aconitum, etc., are the later, and some Clematis 
belongs to summer. With this early order come also our 
Magnoliacex and Berberidacew; late in May the Dicentra and 
Corydalis ; through May and June the particularly natural 
and normal order Crucifere, more specialized, however, than 
Ranunculacee. In April comes that wonderfully symmetrical 
and typical form of the Papaveracee, the Sanguinaria. 
Remarkably aberrant in habit, but rather generalized in floral 
