1893.] Botany. 825 
T. A. WirrrAMws, Lichens of the Black Hills. Eighty-three species 
and varieties are known, many of which are northern and western. 
J. Couristan Bay, The bibliography of American botanical litera- 
ture. The author made a plea for the beginning of such work. 
Doucras H. CAMPBELL, Notes on the development of Marattia 
douglasti. Describing the prothallia, and suggesting a relationship 
with certain Hepaticz. 
On Monday papers were read as follows: 
THEOBALD Smiru, Further observations on the fermentation-tube, 
with special reference to ansrobiosis, reduction, and gas production. 
Illustrated by the apparatus used by the author. 
Joun G. Jack, The fructification of Juniperus. The author finds 
that the fruits of J. virginiana ripen the first season, while in J. sabina 
var. procumbens it requires two seasons, and in J. communis, three sea- 
sons. 
S. G. Wnianr, The minute structure and development of the motile 
organ in the leaf of the Red-bud. "This was an anatomical and physi- 
ological paper. 
Erwin F. Surry, Two new and distinctive diseases of Cucurbits. 
Describing an Alternaria on melons, and another on cucumbers and 
cantaloupes due to bacteria. 
Conway McMILuAn, Preliminary statement concerning botanical 
laboratories and instruction in American universities and colleges. 
This paper was considered so important that the Association requested 
the Commissioner of Education at Washington to print it as one of the 
educational bulletins. Incidentally, it appears that many colleges 
are still giving as college work, short spring term courses in Gray’s 
* Lessons! !’ T 
The reading of this paper resulted in the appointment of a commit- 
tee consisting of Drs. Coulter, Campbell and Britton, to inquire into the 
teaching of botany in the secondary schools of the United States. 
Byron D. HarsrEp, The shrinkage of leaves in drying. By means 
of photographs by the “Solandi” process, it was shown that the 
shrinkage is often considerable. 
M. B. Tuomas, The roots of orchids. 
L. H. PAMMEL, Preliminary notes on some chromogenie bacteria of 
the Ames flora. 
B. T. Garrowav, Results of some recent work on rust of wheat. 
. J. H. PILLSBURY, On the quantitive analysis of the colors of flowers 
and foliage. 
For want of time the four last named were read by title. 
On Tuesday the following papers were read. 
