1110 The American Naturalist. Dieas 
The following paper, by Mr. Arthur Hollick, in the absence of the 
writer, was read by the title “ Notes on the Geology of the New Rail- 
road Cut at Arrochar. ” 
In a previous contribution on the Cretaceous formation of Staten 
Island, (Proc. Nat. Sci. Assn. S. I., Jan. 9, 1892), I mentioned the dis- 
covery of Cretaceous fossils at Arrochar, and called special attention to 
specimens of Cardium dumosum Conrad, which were found in a seam 
or stratum of sandy clay, which I was inclined to think might repre 
sent the outcrop of more extensive strata not far below. Recent exca 
vations for a new railroad cut in the vicinity léd me to hope that the 
overlying Drift deposits might be penetrated to a sufficient depth to 
expose these strata, which, from the surface indications, we know can 
not be very far away. Several visits were made while the work was in 
progress, but it was not until last week that the excavation was com- 
` pleted and, fortunately for the geologist, the heavy rain of the 6th 
inst. followed immediately afterward and washed everything clean in 
a most gratifying manner, affording unusually favorable conditions for 
final observation during the past few days. 
At the base are masses or beds of bluish, semi-plastic and sandy clay, 
from which extend upward irregular seams and smaller masses, inter- 
bedded with fine sands and gravels, in which “flow and plunge” 
structure is generally well marked. This series of deposits reaches the 
surface at about where the new Arrochar station is located, and from 
thence southward are all that is to be seen. The bowlder till thins out 
to a feather edge where the sands and clays come to the surface and 
gradually become thicker northward, until finally it is all that is visi- 
ble in the cut. The deepest part of the cut shows the entire series from 
base to summit and give us a 50 foot section in a N. and S. direction, - 
through the extreme edge of the terminal moraine. Irregular masses 
of clay, accompanied by water-assorted sands and gravels at the base 
capped by the unassorted bowlder till on top. The thickening of the 
bowlder till northward and the position of the underlying materal give 
a general appearance of north to northwestward dip for the entire 
series. 
No positive evidence of any Cretaceous strata in place could be 
found, but on the other hand a large part of the sands and gravels are 
manifestly reassorted Cretaceous material. The characteristic ferrugi- 
nous sandy clay concretions in which most of our Cretaceous fossils 
have been found are abundant, and the sandy clay stratum in which 
the Cardiums previously mentioned were found, may be traced into the 
cut, with its accompanying sands and BOE It can no longer be 
