PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF CALIFORNIA HEPATICZ 31 
parafin. The same method of fixation, dehydration, clearing 
and infiltration were employed here as detailed in a previous 
paper on the development of Fossombronia longiseta, barring 
slight modifications. It was found that the best results could 
be obtained by following the method of dehydration described 
by Chamberlain." The use of diffusion shells and the ‘‘ con- 
stant drip” process have proved somewhat unreliable, not 
always giving satisfactory results for such tissues as prevail 
among the more delicate hepatice. Instead of transferring 
from absolute alcohol directly to a 50 per cent. solution of 
bergamot oil and then to pure bergamot, a more gradual trans- 
fer was employed and a similar plan was followed in running up 
through the paraffins. 
In the autumn of 1903 the writer revived some material con- 
sisting of Hossombronza and Fimbriarza and after a few hours 
placed them in a fixing solution. On studying sections of each 
it was observed that in the case of /ossombronzia, not only was 
a considerable portion of the thallus alive but it was found that 
there were nearly mature antheridia and archegonia. Sections 
of /zmbriarza through the median sulcus proved the presence 
of well-advanced antheridia. This suggested the possibility of 
a similar early development of sex organs in other forms than 
the two mentioned above. A number of slides of Azccza, Tar- 
gionia, and Cryptomitrium as well as of FHossombronza and 
Fimbriarva were prepared and in each instance, at least, anther- 
idia have been found. Only in Fossombronza and Porella have 
we found archegonia. In /zmbriarza and Cryptomitrium 
these organs occur on special receptacles none of which showed 
any sign of development. In Azccza and Crytomztrium only 
early stages of the antheridium were present which was rather 
contrary to anticipation. A large number of plants of each 
genus were sectioned and the great majority of them were 
sterile. Quite early in the rainy season we have been in the 
custom of collecting quantities of /tzccza in which no difficulty 
is experienced in obtaining virtually all stages in the develop- 
ment of the sex organs. For this reason the writer feels that a 
more exhaustive examination of this species ought to reveal 
1 Chamberlain, 1905: Methods in Plant Histology, p. 22. 
