MR J. W. GREGORY ON THE MALTESE FOSSIL ECHINOIDEA. 593 



Echinocyamus studeri by the more posterior position of the mouth and the more anterior 

 position of the anus. But the series sent by Mr Cooke, and the specimens previously in 

 the British Museum, show such variations in character that I can find no constant 

 difference between them and the North Italian form. It differs from Echinocyamus 

 lebesconti, Bazin, # by the inframarginal position of the anus in that species. From 

 some varieties of E. piriformis, Ag. , t it would be very difficult to distinguish some 

 specimens of the Maltese species. Echinocyamus triangularis, Touenouer,| is another 

 very close ally. 



Family CLYPEASTRID^E. 



Genus Clypeaster, Lamarck, 1816. 



Species l. Clypeaster altus, (Leske), 1778. 

 Synonymy — 



Echinanthus altus, Leske, 1778, Add. Nat. dispos. Ech., p. 189, pi. liii. f. 4. 



„ „ Gmelin, 1790, Syst. Natural, ed. 13, p. 3187. 



Clypeaster „ Lamarck, 1816, Anim. sans Vert., iii. p. 14, No. 2. 

 „ „ Def ranee, 1817, Diet. Sci. Nat, ix. p. 449. 



„ ,, Deslongckamps, 1824, Encycl. meth. Zooph., p. 199, pi. cxlvi. f. 1, 2. 



,, „ Marc, de Serres, 1829, Geogn. Terr, tert., p. 157. 



„ Blainville, 1830, Diet. Sci. Nat., Ix. p. 197. 

 „ „ Grateloup, 1836, "Mem. geo.-zool. ours. foss. Dax," Aetes Soe. Linn. Bordeaux, 



viii. pp. 143, 144, pi. i. f. 5, 6. 

 ,, „ L. Agassiz, 1836, "Prod. Mon. rad.," Mem. Soe. Sci. Neufchatel, i. p. 187. 



,, „ Desmoulins, 1837, "3 re Mem. Ech.," Aetes Soe. Linn. Bordeaux, ix. p. 62. 



„ „ L. Agassiz, 1840, Gat. Syst. Ectyp. Ech. Mus. Neoc, p. 6. 



„ „ E. Sismonda, 1842, " Ech. foss. Piemonte," Mem. R. Ac. Sci. Torino (2), iv. 



pp. 38, 39. 

 ,, ,, E. Sismonda, 1844, "Ech. foss. Nizza," Mem. R. Ac. Sci. Torino (2), vi. pp. 



386, 387. 

 „ ,, E. Sismonda, 1842, Syn. meth. anim. invert, pedem. foss., p. 13. 



1847, „ „ „ ed. 2, p. 8. 



„ ,, Agassiz and Desor, 1847, Cat. rais. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. (3), vii. p. 130. 



,, ,, G. Michelotti, 1847, " Foss. Terr. mioc. Ital. Sept.," Natuurk. Verh. Holl. maatsch. 



Wetenseh. Haarl. (3), iii. St. 2, p. 65. 

 ,, ,, E. Requien, 1848, Cat. coquilles Corse, p. 95. 



,, „ A. Aradas, 1850, " Monog. Ech. viv. foss. Sicilia," Atti Ac. Gioen. Sci. Nat. 



Catania (2), vi. pp. 209, 210. 

 „ ., R. A. Philippi, 1851, "Gyp. altus, &c," Palaiontogr., i. p. 323, pi. xxxix. 



„ J. Midler, 1854, "Bau der Ech.," Abh. k. Ah Wiss. Berlin (1853), p. 156. 

 „ T. Wright, 1855, "Foss. Echinod. Malta," Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2), xv. pp. 

 111-114. 



* " Sur les Echmides du Miocene moyen de la Bretagne," Bull. Soe. gM. France (3), xii., 1884, pp. 37, 38, pi. iii. 

 f. 1-6. 



t See, e.g., that figured hy R. Tournouer, " Becensement des Echinodermes de lMtage du Calcaire a Asteries dans 

 le S. O. de la France," Aetes Soe. Linn. Bordeaux, xxvii, 1869, pi. xv. f. 2, c and b. 



t " Etude sur les fossiles de l'etage tongrien (d'Orbigny) des environs de Rennes en Bretagne," Bull. Soe. gM. France 

 (2), vii., 1879, p. 467, pi. x. f. 14. 



VOL. XXXVI. PART III. (NO. 22), 4 X 



