x891.] Archeology and Ethnology. 389 
The periodicity of glacial phenomena. 3. Art and industry in the 
alluvial and in the caverns. Paleontologic and archeologic classifica- 
tions, and their value as applied to the Quaternary period. 4. The 
chronological relation between the civilization of the ages of stone, of 
bronze, and of iron. 5. The relation between the civilizations of 
Hallstadt and similar Danubian prehistoric stations, and the civilization 
of Mycene, of Tiryns, of Hissarlik, and of the Caucasus. 6. A 
critical examination of the skulls and bones of the prehistoric man 
belonging to the Quaternary period discovered within the past fifteen 
years. The ethnic elements properly belonging to the ages of stone, 
bronze, and iron in Central and Western Europe. 7. Ethnographic 
survivals which may throw light upon the social state of primitive 
populations of Central and Western Europe. 8. How far do the 
analogies of archeology and ethnography authorize or sanction the 
hypothesis of relations between the peoples, and how far of prehistoric 
migration ? 
There were 450 members of the congress enrolled, though not all 
were present. 
Twenty-seven countries were represented, of which nineteen were 
European, six of the two Americas, and one each from Asia an 
Oceanica. The congress at Lisbon was nearly as large as that at Paris. 
It had 417 enrolled members, of which 330 were foreigners to that 
country. 
Monsieur de Quatrefages, the president, opened the congress by an 
address of welcome, and recalled to his hearers, in a few words, the 
history of the work of Forchammer, Worsaae, and Steenstrup in 1847, 
making a happy accord of natural history and archeology. These 
were founded upon modern sciences regarded up to that time as having 
a relation together, but which were nevertheless united by an alliance 
that has become more and more fruitful. From this the past of the 
human race plunged in an immense unknown, far beyond the reach of 
history or even the most” obscure legends, and embracing only the 
geologic times with which their investigations had to deal, These 
investigations were published, and soon it was recognized that one 
branch more had been developed òn the tree of human knowledge. 
M. de Quatrefages followed the International Congress of Anthro- 
pology and Prehistoric Archeology from its foundation and commence- 
ment in 1865 or 1867 through each one of its sessions. The session 
then opened at Paris had among the others an extreme importance, 
first question on the program, ‘‘The Geology of Prehistoric 
Times, ” was a declaration of our profession of faith. In adopting the 
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