20 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
directly facing it, some straight away from it, others nearly at right 
angles, and many indiscriminately at all angles. The arrangement is not 
a chance one, as it looks at first sight, for no matter how often the larvae 
are disturbed and stirred up, they finally settle with the great majority in 
the distal half, and lying there at rest at all angles to the direction of 
incidence. On shading one-half of the dish with cardboard, the line of 
shade being parallel to the plane of incidence, the great majority of the. 
larvae are found in the shaded half, more in the distal quadrant, and in 
all lines of orientation. If cards are arranged so that one quadrant of the 
dish only is illuminated, that quadrant becomes almost free. 
Kaperiment VIT—Indifference of phosphorescent organisms to 
movement in light from without. 
It was thought that organisms which themselves emitted light might 
show interesting results in their reactions to light from without, and this 
led to the work of Section B about to be described; but it was found that 
the phosphorescent organisms present, probably certain copepoda, were 
entirely indifferent to incident light, at any rate as far as movement was 
concerned. 
Since the organisms could not be made to phosphoresce in the dark 
room during the day, the procedure was adopted of taking a tow-netting 
during the day, when the Bay was known, by observations made during the 
previous night, to contain abundance of phosphorescent organisms. This 
tow-netting was placed in diffuse daylight, and nearly all the positive 
organisms were pipetted off into one dish containing sea-water, nearly all 
the negative organisms were similarly pipetted into a separate dish, and 
finally, a good number of indifferent organisms were pipetted off into a 
third dish, from the middle of the bottom of the stock jar. 
The three sets of organisms were then examined for phosphorescence 
after dark, when phosphorescence where organisms were present had 
spontaneously set in and could be further intensified by stirring. It was 
then found that the positive and negative portions each contained only one 
or two phosphorescent organisms taken up unavoidably with the others; 
but the indifferent set contamed a large number of phosphorescent 
