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(fig. 42, St. G.). On its way it gives off several branches 
to the right and left, which end in the substance of the 
mantle. Running below the stellate ganglion, the pallial 
artery ends in several branches which divide up in the 
mantle substance. 
The left pallial artery runs just internal to the 
visceral envelope, dorsal to the stomach, where it gives off 
a posterior branch to the visceral envelope. Then, running 
almost transversely to the left, it gains the left depressor 
of the funnel, after giving off an anterior branch. From 
this point its course is similar to that of the right pallial 
artery (fig. 42, L. Pall. A.). Entering the venous sinus, 
the aorta gives off a second large branch, the visceral 
artery, which immediately gives off a branch ending in 
small arteries on the right side of the stomach. Next it 
gives off a large hepatic artery, which enters the liver 
dorsally and posteriorly, and breaks up in its substance 
(fig. 42, Hep. A.). Then, running down the groove 
between the oesophagus and the stomach, it gives an 
anterior branching artery to the lower part of the 
oesophagus (fig. 42), an artery to the left wall of the 
stomach, a branch to the intestine, and ends in many 
branches to the spiral caecum. ‘The aorta is hidden 
anteriorly by the crop and salivary glands; when these 
are turned aside it may be seen to give off a branch at the 
level of the crop to the alimentary canal (fig. 42, Oes. A.), 
and this branch gives off an anterior and a posterior fork 
to the corresponding parts of the oesophagus, and several 
branches to the walls of the crop. Near the anterior end 
of the visceral envelope, the aorta gives off a small dorsal 
artery to the muscles of the neck (fig. 42, V.A.), and then 
divides into two smaller forks which run one on each side 
of the oesophagus. An aperture on the ventral surface 
of the brain, between the anterior infundibular nerves, 
