ELEDONE. 519 
eyeball, just below the skin, this vessel, after receiving 
small branches on its way, joins the cephalic vessel. The 
posterior part of the mantle is drained by veins 
which radiate from a vessel running through the 
substance of the mantle from its internal surface (figs. 52 
and 57, M@,V,). Here it is joined by the pallial vein, . 
and a vein from the so-called branchial ‘‘ blood-making 
gland.” ‘The large vessel formed by the union of these 
three enters the lateral vena cava ventrally just before 
the latter enters the branchial heart. 
The pallial vein runs ventral to the corresponding 
pallial artery, down from the stellate ganglion towards 
the branchial heart. It is formed by the union of an 
anastomosing network of vessels over the ventral surface 
of the stellate ganglion, a branch. from the great lateral 
muscle, and several branches from the mantle, and on its 
course receives several small pallial veins (fig. 42, 
Pall. V.). 
The Anterior Yena Cava lies cn the median ventral 
surface of the visceral mass and is exposed at the same 
time as the visceral nerves, by removing the septal muscle 
and the epithelium covering the visceral mass. It lies 
to the left of the rectum. Its walls are membranous and 
semi-transparent. Posteriorly, as mentioned, it ends in 
two forks which help to form the lateral venae cavae, and 
anteriorly it originates in a vessel given off from the 
ventro-posterior wall of the anterior division of the great 
venous sinus (figs. 52 and 53, S,V,). Soon after its 
origin it bifurcates, and the two halves run round the 
origin of the internal funnel protractors, and join again 
below it (fig. 52). Hach of these halves receives a vessel 
which comes from the venous sinus surrounding the white 
body, optic ganglion, &c., of the eye, pierces the ventral 
cranial wall obliquely, and then enters the vena cava (fig. 
