84 ME. H. IAPWOKTH OX THE [Feb. I9OO,. 



exposure there is no difficulty in recognizing the horizon, even at 

 a first glance. The bright red or orange colour of the weathered 

 surfaces is alone sufficient to convince the observer that he is in 

 presence of the upper part of the Micaceous Flag and Grit 

 Division (Ab x ). In addition, the occurrence of thin plates of 

 grit, and patches of calcite in thin films, so characteristic of this 

 division, may be noted. A fossil-band at the beginning of the 

 exposure has yielded the following forms : — 



Leptcena transversalis, Wahl. ! Orthis testuclinaria, Dalm. 



Orthis biforata (?) Schloth. j Dimorphograptus elongatus (?) Lapviv 



and from soft shales above the wood I have obtained Diplograptus 

 acuminatus (1 ') and Climacograptus normalis. Leptcena transver- 

 salis is the commonest form in the fossil-band, and is usually 

 found in a good state of preservation. 



If any doubt be felt as to the horizon, this may be instantly 

 removed on entering the wood ; for on the banks of the stream the 

 characteristic calcareous flags of the succeeding Kottenstone 

 Beds may be observed (Ab 2 ). These, together with intermingled 

 blue flags and nodular shales, extend down to the road, with a con- 

 siderable breadth of outcrop, as their angle of dip very nearly 

 coincides with the slope of the ground. From exposures at the 

 roadside, some distance west of the stream, Diplograptus modestus 

 and D. longissimus may be extracted. The dip of the beds averages 

 about 35° north-westward. 



North of the main road occurs a considerable gap in the section,, 

 representing a thickness of some 800 feet ; and it is not until the 

 river is crossed and the opposite bank ascended that any rock comes 

 into view. On the east side of Woodlands House, and along the 

 boundary-fence, a small stream has laid bare some 50 feet or 

 so of strata, dipping at 21° into the hill. The exposures show 

 red- weathered, dark-blue-banded shales, which yield the following- 

 fossils : — 



Monograptus communis. 



jimbriatus. 



gregarius. 



Orthoceras sp. 



Diplograptus tamariscus. 



Climacograptus undulatus. 

 rectangularis. 



These species suggest the horizon of Monograptus jimbriatus 

 (Ac 3 ), and, from the occurrence of Climacograptus undulatus and 

 Diplograptus magnus, one would infer that this band is somewhere 

 near the top of the zone. This can be easily proved ; for at the top 

 of the bank a few feet of mudstones, belonging to the Calcareous- 

 Nodule Beds (Adj), are exhibited, with their characteristic blue 

 lenticular markings ; and in a small quarry at the side of the path 

 above the house ferro-manganese nodules are of frequent occur- 

 rence. In the sides of the excavations for the house, on its north 

 side, the following graptolites have been found : — Diplograptus 

 magnus, Climacograptus rectangularis, and CI. undulatus. 



The ground is carpeted with turf north of the stream, and the rocks 



