138 PKOF. T. T. GKOOM ON THE GEOLOGICAL [Feb. 1900, 



8. On the Geological Steuctuee of Portions of the Malvern and 

 Abberley; Hills. By Prof. T. T. Groom, M.A., D.Sc, F.G.S. 

 (Read November 8th, 1899.) 



[Plate VIII— Map.] 



Contents. 



Page 



I. Introduction 138 



II. Swinyard Hill 139 



III. The Herefordshire Beacon 140 



IV. The Depression between the Herefordshire Beacon and 



Black Hill 145 



V. BlackHill 146 



VI. The Range between Black Hill and the Wyche 147 



VII. The Worcestershire Beacon and North Hill 149 



VI II. The Abberlev Range 155 



IX. The District of Cowleigh Park and Rough Hill 155 



X. The Patch of Archaean and Cambrian near Martley 163 



XI. Woodbury, Wallsgrove, Rodge, and Penny Hills .. ...... 165 



XII. The Old Red Sandstone and Coal Measures west of 



Wallsgrove Hill 173 



XTII. The Relation of the Coal Measures to Underlying Rocks 



in other parts of the Malvern and Abberley Districts ... 176 

 XIV. The Unconformity at the Base of the Upper Coal Measures 



in Districts other than those of Malvern and Abberley ... 176 

 XV. The Directions of the Hereynian Movements in the 



Western Midlands 179 



XVI. The Relation of the Folds of the Malvern- Abberley Area 



to those of Adjoining Districts 179 



XVII. The Connexion between the Upthrusts or OveHbrusts of 

 the Archaean Massif of the Malverns and the Overloading 



of the Beds to the West 182 



XVIII. The Probable Evolution of the West-of-England Chain in 



several Sections not produced quite simultaneously 182 



XIX. The Relation of the Haffield Breccia to the Underlying 



Formations 183 



XX. The Relations of the Trias to the ' Permian ' (Haffield 

 Breccia) and to the Older Rocks of the Malvern and 



Abberley Hills 185 



XXI. The Post-Liassic Faults 189 



XXII. Movements other than the Hereynian in the Malvern and 



Abberley Districts 193 



XXIII. Summary of the Structure of the Malvein and Abberley 



Ranges 193 



I. Introduction. 



In a former communication 1 an account was given of the structure 

 of the southern portion of the Malvern Range ; it is now proposed to 

 supplement this account by a description of the rest of the Malvern 

 Range and of certain portions of the Abberley Range, which 

 were selected with the view of throwing light upon the geological 

 history of the Western Midlands. The structure will be traced 



1 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. lv (1899) pp. 129-168 & pis. xiii-xv. 



