Yol. 56.] STKUCTUKE OF THE MALVERN AND ABBEKLET HILLS. 155 



coral has apparently been transported across the site of the valley 

 of "Whippets Brook, presumably at a time when the latter stood at 

 a higher level, and when the Wenlock-Limestone escarpment was 

 loftier. In the same connexion may be mentioned the occurrence 

 of pieces of rolled pisolitic Wenlock Limestone (M 350) far up the 

 slope of North Hill, east of St. Edward's Orphanage, at a height 

 of perhaps 960 feet. 



VIII. The Abberley Range. 



The Malvern Hills end suddenly on the north, owing to the 

 meeting of the faults which form the eastern and western boundaries 

 of the massif. Starting from a point near the termination is a 

 second chain of heights, which have been collectively termed by 

 Phillips the Abberley Hills. That author has given a valuable, 

 but brief, description of the Range, and I would propose on the 

 present occasion to supplement his account by the detailed descrip- 

 tion of certain portions of special interest. 



The Abberley Range, beginning in Cowleigh Park, runs north- 

 north-westward as far as Knightwick ; beyond this point it takes a 

 northerly course to Abberley Hill, where it makes a sharp bend to 

 the east, and then gradually curves round north-westward. 



It follows from Phillips's description 1 that the P^ange is charac- 

 terized by a series of normal folds and overfolds, and by transverse 

 faults. Mr. Wickham King has, moreover, recognized the existence 

 of thrust-planes in the northern portion of the district. 2 The chief 

 direction of movement in the greater part of the Range has been 

 from the east, but in the north overfolding has taken place from the 

 south. 



As a rule, no strata older than the Silurian are exposed, but at 

 several spots Archaean and Cambrian rocks make their appearance. 



IX. The District of Cowleigh Park and Rough Hill. 



The small district immediately north-north-west of North Hill is 

 of complex structure and of great interest, although the rocks are 

 somewhat imperfectly exposed. 



The May Hill Beds of West Malvern bend round in Cowleigh 

 Park, and at the same time become again inverted, together 

 with the associated Tarannon Shales, Woolhope Limestone, and 

 W T enlock Shale. One of the most conspicuous strata of the May 

 Hill Series is a thick grit or conglomerate, commonly pink, but 

 sometimes greenish. This occurs towards the top of the lower or 

 purple part of the May Hill Group, and forms a well-marked 

 band in the district of North Malvern, Cowleigh Park, and Rough 

 Hill. It may be traced from near the Lamb Inn, through Cowleigh 

 Park, where it appears as a marked ridge, to Rough Hill, a 



1 Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i. 



2 Proc. Geol. Assoc, vol. xv (1898) p. 425. 



