162 PKOF. T. T. GROOM ON THE GEOLOGICAL [Feb. I9OO, 



North of Whippets is found a patch of breccia, as to the nature of 

 which Phillips was in doubt. 1 This is clearly the ' Haffield Breccia/ 

 as can be seen by the character of the fragments : it appears to 

 rest directly upon the purple May Hill Beds. 



The district of Hill Parm, Doddenham Grove, and Crumpton 

 Hill is geologically a gentle anticline of Upper May Hill Beds and 

 Woolhope Limestone, as may be seen from the outcrops and dips in 

 the Map (PI. VIII). This is bounded on the south chiefly by the fault 

 to which allusion has been already made (p. 161), and partly by a 

 second fault meeting the former at an angle, and causing the Wool- 

 hope Limestone to terminate abruptly in a field west of Kough Hill. 

 The last-mentioned fault may possibly extend farther north than 

 represented in the map, as there is a clearly-marked depression 

 running in this direction, exactly in the line of the fault. 



South of Norrest Parm the Wenlock Limestone is faulted against 

 the Wenlock Shale. Small patches of Coal Measures may be seen 

 north-west and south of New Inn. 



It will now be convenient to summarize the chief points of interest 

 in the geology of Kough Hill, Cowleigh Park, and the adjacent part 

 of West Malvern. 



The structure may be explained on the hypothesis of over- 

 folding from the north-east of the Silurian and Cambrian Series, 

 accompanied by overthrust of the Cambrian and Archaean rocks on 

 to the Silurian, and by subsequent faulting-down north-eastward of 

 an overfold, along a line coinciding in direction with the old 

 thrust. North-westward the over folding gives place to ordinary 

 folding, the district on the north exhibiting a gentle syncline. These 

 movements were complicated by transverse faulting, apparently of 

 earlier date than the great post-Liassic faulting which affected the 

 district on the east. 



The occurrence of both Lower and Upper Cambrian beneath the 

 May Hill Beds is of much importance: firstly, as showing the 

 northerly extension of the Cambrian, and secondly, as indicating 

 that the May Hill Beds do not rest directly upon the Archaean, but 

 are brought into contact with it by means of faults. It is evident, 

 from a consideration of the Map (PI. VIII) and from the description 

 of the geology of North Hill, that the thrust-plane of Cowleigh Park 

 does not affect the Archaean rocks of that hill ; for, apart from the 

 fact that there is not the smallest indication of a fault crossing the 

 ridge at this point, the relations between the Archaean and the May 

 Hill Beds described on pp. 152 & 158 make it clear that overthrusts 

 from the east-south-east have taken place, and that the strip of May 

 Hill Sandstone introduced into the Archaean Series by the movements 

 which preceded or accompanied the overthrust is continuous along a 

 line crossing that of the Cowleigh Park thrust. This shows that the 

 latter terminates against the Archaean of North Hill, and affords an 

 interesting and fairly conclusive proof : (1 ) that the Cowleigh Park 



1 Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i, p. 112. 



