Vol. 56.] STEUCTUEE OF THE MALVEElf AND ABBEELEY HILLS. 



163 



thrust is of earlier date than the movement which raised the 

 Archaean of ^North Hill ; and (2) that the May Hill Beds west of this 

 mass were not deposited directly against it, but owe their present 

 juxtaposition to faulting, for they had already undergone faulting, 

 overfolding, and overthrust before the uplift of the Malverns. These 

 considerations afford, perhaps, the most satisfactory disproof of the 

 overlap of the Silurian Series against the Malvern Eange. 



X. The Patch of Archaean and Cambrian near Martley. 



The existence of this patch (M378) was known to Murchison l and 

 Phillips. 2 During the past year notes on the locality have appeared 

 by Mr. C. St. A. Coles, 3 Dr. Callaway, 1 and myself. 5 The Old 

 Eed Sandstone and Coal Measures seen by Phillips are no longer 

 visible. Fig. 15 has been made by combining the two sections 

 drawn by Phillips and myself, and introducing the main fault 

 which bounds the Palaeozoic on the east. 



Fig. 15. — Section across the Archcean patch near Martley. 



w. F; 



«r,cn, £ 



Tr = Trias. 

 CM = Coal Measures. 

 OES = Old Eed Sandstone. 



Q= Cambrian Quartzite. 

 Arch= Archaean. 

 FF = Faults. 



The Archaean rocks have been apparently thrust on to the 

 Cambrian quartzite, the base of the former having undergone 

 shearing parallel to the thrust-plane. The overthrust series has 

 been subsequently folded along a north-and-south axis, together 

 with the Old Eed Sandstone. This secondary folding has been 

 accompanied by upthrust of the Archaean and Cambrian. The 

 Coal Measures were subsequently deposited unconformably on the 

 faulted and folded series, and in later times the old rocks covered 

 by the Trias were let down on the eastern side. We appear to 

 have in this small area an epitome of the history of the Malvern and 

 Abberley Eanges. 



1 'Silurian System,' 1839, pp. 420, 421. 



2 Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i, p. 38. 



3 Geol. Mag. 1898, p. 304. 

 * Ibid. v>. 562. 



4 Ibid. p. 379. 



M 2 



