Yol. 56.] STRTJCTTJKE OF THE MALVERN AND ABBERLEY HILLS. 171 



folding or faulting. 1 Between Fetterlocks Farm and Dundridge 

 Coppice the limestone, dipping eastward at low angles (fig. 19, p. 168). 

 tails out. North also of this farm the outcrop is relatively narrow, 

 except at one point, and the beds have a similar easterly dip (figs. 16 

 & 17, p. 166). At the south-western corner of Penny Hill a 

 short strip of limestone is faulted against the main band (fig. 24, 

 p. 169). The lithological characters of the rock, and the variety 

 and abundance of the fossils, clearly show this to be the Wenlock 

 Limestone : it dips 33° north-westward. The following fossils were 

 obtained as the result of a short search : — 



Favosites gothlandica, Linn. 

 F. fibrosa, Goldf. 

 Heliolites inter stincta, Wahl. 

 Thecia Swindemana, Goldf. 

 Haly sites catenidaria, Linn. 

 Monticulipora pidchetta, M.-Edw. 

 Meristella tumida, Dalm. 

 Atrypa reticularis, Linn. 



Rhynchonella borealis, Schl. 

 Strophomena funicidata, M'Coy. 

 Orthis elegantula, Dalm. 

 Fncrinurus variolaris, Brongn. 

 Lichas Barrandei, Fletcher. 

 Phacops Downingice, Murch. 

 Beyrichia sp. 

 Crinoidea, poiyzoa, etc. 



The disposition of the Wenlock Limestone of the area may 

 be, perhaps, best explained on the supposition that the beds all 

 along the line mark portions of a simple or complex anticline, the 

 axis of which is sometimes vertical or inclined westward, but 

 usually dips eastward ; and that in places a portion of one side of the 

 fold, and at one spot the whole, has been pinched or drawn out. It 

 should be pointed out that this explanation is in part in agreement 

 with that of Phillips, who attributed to the limestone a simple but 

 broken anticlinal disposition. 2 



The shales between the outcrop of the Wenlock Limestone and the 

 line of the eastern band of Aymestry Limestone are rarely exposed, 

 and furnished no distinctive fossils. The spots where such shales 

 occur are indicated by the dip-arrows in the map (fig. 15 a, p. 164). 



A number of transverse faults complicate the structure of the 

 district. One of these intersects the Wenlock Limestone and 

 adjoining shales south of Hillside Farm ; a second probably traverses 

 the Wenlock Beds near Prickley Farm ; a third possibly crosses the 

 limestone of Dundridge Coppice, the beds north and south of the 

 road showing a very different arrangement. A fourth appears 

 necessary to account for the dislocation of the eastern band of 

 limestone north of Easthope Farm ; and a fifth runs along the road 

 north of Wallsgrove Hill. 



It will be seen from the foregoing description that the structure 

 of the area is not altogether simple, and differs in not unimportant 

 respects from that supposed by Phillips. 3 The anticline of Wenlock 



1 The normal thickness of the Wenlock Limestone, as seen west of the 

 Northern Malverns and Rough Hill, is between 250 and 800 feet. Phillips gives- 

 a thickness of 100 to 280 feet for the Malvern district, Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii 

 (1.848) pt. i, p. 78. 



2 Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i, p. 152. 3 Ibid. pp. 151 & 152, 



